Working Memory Capacity
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Working Memory Capacity
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Author : Nelson Cowan
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2012-06-12
Working Memory Capacity written by Nelson Cowan and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-12 with Psychology categories.
This book tackles the problem of working memory capacity limits and the future of research on this topic. This book will be invaluable to working memory researchers and cognitive psychologists interested in memory.
Working Memory
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Author : Eden S. Levin
language : en
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
Release Date : 2011
Working Memory written by Eden S. Levin and has been published by Nova Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Short-term memory categories.
Working memory is the executive and attentional aspect of cognition which operates on the data held in short-term memory (which may be thought of as the RAM for working memory's CPU processes) and which is involved in the interim integration, processing, disposal, and retrieval of information. Working memory tasks include the active monitoring or manipulation of information or behaviors. This book presents current research from across the globe in the study of working memory capacity, developments and improvement techniques. Some of the topics discussed herein include working memory and the autistic mind; the effects of visuo-spatial working memory and the ability to move successfully through the environment; as well as working memory and the prefrontal cortex.
Variation In Working Memory
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Author : Andrew Conway
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2008-03-13
Variation In Working Memory written by Andrew Conway and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-03-13 with Psychology categories.
Working memory is the ability to hold in mind information that has been previously processed, while processing and assimilating incoming information. This volume attempts to offer an integrative yet comprehensive approach to working memory by focusing on detailed comparisons of major theoretical proposals about working memory variation.
Working Memory
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Author : Robert Logie
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2020-11-12
Working Memory written by Robert Logie and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-12 with Psychology categories.
Working memory refers to how we keep track of what we are doing moment to moment throughout our waking lives. It allows us to remember what we have just done, focus on what we are doing now, to solve problems, be creative, think about what we will be doing in the next few seconds, and continually to update in our mind changes around us throughout the day. This book brings together in one volume, state-of-the-science chapters written by the most productive and well known working memory researchers worldwide. Chapters cover different approaches to understanding how working memory works, using behavioural experimental techniques, neuroimaging, computational modelling, how it changes from childhood through to healthy old age, how it is affected by dementia and brain damage, and how it is used in everyday life. A unique feature of the book is that each chapter starts with answers to a set of common questions for all authors. This allows readers very rapidly to compare key differences in theoretical assumptions and approaches to working memory across chapters, and to understand the theoretical context before going on to read each chapter in detail. Uniquely, all authors consider evidence that is not consistent with their theoretical assumptions, whereas it is common for authors to ignore contradictory evidence. This approach leads to new interpretations and new hypotheses to test in future research and greatly enhances our understanding of this crucial human ability. Written and edited by the leading researchers in the field, the book will be an important and influential addition to the memory literature.
Working Memory And Thinking
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Author : Kenneth Gilhooly
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2004-08-02
Working Memory And Thinking written by Kenneth Gilhooly and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-08-02 with Psychology categories.
Thinking and memory are inextricably linked. However, a "divide and rule" approach has led cognitive psychologists to study these two areas in relative isolation. With contributions from some of the leading international researchers on working memory and thinking, the present volume aims to break down the scientific divisions and foster scientific integration in the connections between these two core functions of cognition. Broadly defined, thinking comprises mentally driven change in current representations. The processes involved in such change include application of logical rules, heuristics, problem solving strategies, decision making, planning and comprehension of complex material. Memory involves the encoding, retention and retrieval of information, and the retention may be temporary or in a long-term knowledge base.; Thinking cannot occur in a vacuum; it relies on the long-term memory base and a temporary mental workspace. Despite the apparent limitations on mental workspace, humans can drive a car and hold a conversation, or store partial solutions while tackling other aspects of a problem. So too, some aspects of thinking are relatively resilient in the face of quite extensive brain damage, yet other aspects are remarkably vulnerable to neuroanatomical insults. Humans can solve complex problems with many alternative choice points and yet seem to be able to consider only a few hypotheses at any one time. These apparent paradoxes present significant scientific challenges as to how humans can be such successful thinkers despite their very limited working memory. The chapters herein represent a diversity of views as regards the nature or working memory and forms of human thinking. The links between working memory and thinking are directly addressed and made explicit, and in so doing this volume offers an increasingly integrated understanding of human thinking and memory.
Identifying Working Memory Capacity
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Author : Dana Davis
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Identifying Working Memory Capacity written by Dana Davis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Electronic dissertations categories.
Working memory is the ability of the brain to hold and manipulate information for very brief periods of time. Working memory capacity directly impacts an individual's performance on cognitive tasks and, consequently, influences a student's performance in school. Currently, the teachers at Calvary Baptist Christian School in Watertown, Wisconsin have no readily available method to identify students who struggle with limited working memory capacity. Two working memory assessment tools, the Working Memory Rating Scale (WMRS, Alloway, Gathercole, Kirkwood & Elliot, 2009) and the Automated Working MemOlY Assessment, North American Version (AWMA, Alloway, Gathercole, Kirkwood & Elliot, 2008), were field tested to determine if the behaviors described in the WMRS were accurate predictors of working memory deficits. In addition, the results were compared to determine if higher WMRS scores were associated with lower A WMA scores.
Working Memory And Human Cognition
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Author : John T. E. Richardson
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1996-05-16
Working Memory And Human Cognition written by John T. E. Richardson and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-05-16 with Psychology categories.
This new volume in the Counterpoints series compares and contrasts different conceptions of working memory, generally recognized as the human cognitive system responsible for temporary storage of information. The book includes proponents of several different views. Robert Logie discusses the theoretical and empirical utility of separating working memory into an articulatory loop, a phonological store, and a visuo-spatial sketchpad into visual and spatial subsystems. Patricia Carpenter provides evidence for a process view of working memory, arguing that both task-specific processing and general processing capabilities can account for the full range of working memory phenomena. She focuses on findings from reading comprehension and memory tasks suggesting that working memory is used to represent the set of skills and strategies necessary for complex tasks, while retaining residual capacity for use as a storage buffer. Lynn Hasher argues in favor of the new inhibitory model, with evidence drawn from the literature on aging and pathology that demonstrates parallels between memory disorders and normal memory functioning. Randall Engle addresses the issue of whether working memory resources are required for retrieval of information or whether that task is relatively automatic. Engle's empirical studies, in turn, bear directly on the positions of Carpenter, Hasher, and Logie. As interest in working memory is increasing at a rapid pace, an open discussion of the central issues involved is both useful and timely. This work serves this purpose for a wide audience of cognitive psychologists and their students.
Individual Differences In Working Memory Capacity And The Distinction Between Proactive And Reactive Control
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Author : Thomas Scott Redick
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Individual Differences In Working Memory Capacity And The Distinction Between Proactive And Reactive Control written by Thomas Scott Redick and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Cognitive dissonance categories.
The construct of cognitive control is often invoked to provide a mechanism responsible for information-processing in ill-defined situations. However, the dual-mechanism theory of cognitive control distinguishes between proactive and reactive varieties, and provides a more concrete framework for explaining behavior across various conditions. Importantly, although proactive and reactive control have been theorized to apply to differential performance observed in various clinical and aging populations, no empirical work has been conducted examining how this theory may apply to individual differences in working memory capacity within a young, healthy population. The current research directly assessed proactive versus reactive control by administering three versions of the AX version of the continuous performance test to individuals varying in working memory capacity. Across the task versions, specific trial type frequencies were manipulated to examine whether this variable interacted with WMC to cause individuals to engage in one control type over the other. In addition, the current work investigated whether individuals can change their mode of control on a trial-to-trial basis, something that had not previously been examined. Individuals low in working memory capacity exhibited specific performance deficits relative to the individuals high in working memory capacity. The results extend the application of the dual-mechanism theory to individual differences in working memory capacity and provide a theoretical framework to explain previous findings in the working memory capacity literature.
Working Memory Capacity
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Author : Nelson Cowan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Working Memory Capacity written by Nelson Cowan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Short-term memory categories.
The Cognitive Neuroscience Of Working Memory
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Author : Naoyuki Osaka
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
The Cognitive Neuroscience Of Working Memory written by Naoyuki Osaka and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Philosophy categories.
Working memory has been one of the most intensively studied systems in cognitive psychology. It is only relatively recently however that researchers have been able to study the neural processes might underlie working memory, leading to a proliferation of research in this domain. The Cognitive Neuroscience of Working Memory brings together leading researchers from around the world to summarize current knowledge of this field, and directions for future research. An historical opening chapter by Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch sets the context for the subsequent chapters. The scope of the book is exceptionally broad, providing a showcase for cutting edge research on all contemporary concepts of working memory, using techniques from experimental psychology, single cell recording, neuropsychology, cognitive neuroimaging and computational modelling. The Cognitive Neuroscience of Working Memory will be an important reference text for all those seeking an authoritative and comprehensive synthesis of this field.