Science And Values
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Science And Values
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Author : Larry Laudan
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 1984
Science And Values written by Larry Laudan and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Philosophy categories.
Laudan constructs a fresh approach to a longtime problem for the philosopher of science: how to explain the simultaneous and widespread presence of both agreement and disagreement in science. Laudan critiques the logical empiricists and the post-positivists as he stresses the need for centrality and values and the interdependence of values, methods, and facts as prerequisites to solving the problems of consensus and dissent in science.
Science And Values
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Author : Arnold Thackray
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1974
Science And Values written by Arnold Thackray and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1974 with Science categories.
Essays examining science as a cultural enterprise.
Science Values And Objectivity
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Author : Peter Machamer
language : en
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Pre
Release Date : 2004-11-28
Science Values And Objectivity written by Peter Machamer and has been published by University of Pittsburgh Pre this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-11-28 with Science categories.
Few people, if any, still argue that science in all its aspects is a value-free endeavor. At the very least, values affect decisions about the choice of research problems to investigate and the uses to which the results of research are applied. But what about the actual doing of science?As Science, Values, and Objectivity reveals, the connections and interactions between values and science are quite complex. The essays in this volume Theory and Method in the Neurosciences surveys the nature and structure of theories in contemporary neuroscience, exploring many of its methodological techniques and problems. The essays in this volume from the Pittsburgh -Konstanz series explore basic questions about how to relate theories of neuroscience and cognition, the multilevel character of such theories, and their experimental bases. Philosophers and scientists (and some who are both) examine the topics of explanation and mechanisms, simulation and computation, imaging and animal models that raise questions about the forefront of research in cognitive neuroscience. Their work will stimulate new thinking in anyone interested in the mind or brain and in recent theories of their connections.identify the crucial values that play a role in science, distinguish some of the criteria that can be used for value identification, and elaborate the conditions for warranting certain values as necessary or central to the very activity of scientific research.Recently, social constructivists have taken the presence of values within the scientific model to question the basis of objectivity. However, the contributors to Science, Values, and Objectivity recognize that such acknowledgment of the role of values does not negate the fact that objects exist in the world. Objects have the power to constrain our actions and thoughts, though the norms for these thoughts lie in the public, social world.Values may be decried or defended, praised or blamed, but in a world that strives for a modicum of reason, values, too, must be reasoned. Critical assessment of the values that play a role in scientific research is as much a part of doing good science as interpreting data.
Science And Values
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Author : Larry Laudan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Science And Values written by Larry Laudan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Science categories.
Axiology
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Author : Archie J. Bahm
language : en
Publisher: Rodopi
Release Date : 1993
Axiology written by Archie J. Bahm and has been published by Rodopi this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Philosophy categories.
This book expounds the basic principles of Axiology as a major field of philosophical inquiry. Those principles can be discovered and demonstrated by scientific method. In treating scientific inquiry the book throws light on what values are and how they are known. It explores questions of Good and Bad, Ends and Means, and Appearance and Reality as applied to values. Axiology, argues the author, provides the basis for ethics as the science of oughtness: the power that a greater good has over a lesser good in compelling our choices. The book concludes with a survey of efforts to establish Axiology as a science.
Science Policy And The Value Free Ideal
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Author : Heather E. Douglas
language : en
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Pre
Release Date : 2009-07-15
Science Policy And The Value Free Ideal written by Heather E. Douglas and has been published by University of Pittsburgh Pre this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-07-15 with Philosophy categories.
The role of science in policymaking has gained unprecedented stature in the United States, raising questions about the place of science and scientific expertise in the democratic process. Some scientists have been given considerable epistemic authority in shaping policy on issues of great moral and cultural significance, and the politicizing of these issues has become highly contentious. Since World War II, most philosophers of science have purported the concept that science should be "value-free." In Science, Policy and the Value-Free Ideal, Heather E. Douglas argues that such an ideal is neither adequate nor desirable for science. She contends that the moral responsibilities of scientists require the consideration of values even at the heart of science. She lobbies for a new ideal in which values serve an essential function throughout scientific inquiry, but where the role values play is constrained at key points, thus protecting the integrity and objectivity of science. In this vein, Douglas outlines a system for the application of values to guide scientists through points of uncertainty fraught with moral valence.Following a philosophical analysis of the historical background of science advising and the value-free ideal, Douglas defines how values should-and should not-function in science. She discusses the distinctive direct and indirect roles for values in reasoning, and outlines seven senses of objectivity, showing how each can be employed to determine the reliability of scientific claims. Douglas then uses these philosophical insights to clarify the distinction between junk science and sound science to be used in policymaking. In conclusion, she calls for greater openness on the values utilized in policymaking, and more public participation in the policymaking process, by suggesting various models for effective use of both the public and experts in key risk assessments.
Science And Values
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Author : Joseph Grunfeld
language : en
Publisher: Br Gruner Publishing Company
Release Date : 1973-12-31
Science And Values written by Joseph Grunfeld and has been published by Br Gruner Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973-12-31 with Philosophy categories.
Science Technology Human Values
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Science Technology Human Values written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Government publications categories.
Is Science Value Free
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Author : Hugh Lacey
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2005-06-23
Is Science Value Free written by Hugh Lacey and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-06-23 with Philosophy categories.
Exploring the role of values in scientific inquiry, Hugh Lacey examines the nature and meaning of values, and looks at challenges to the view, posed by postmodernists, feminists, radical ecologists, Third-World advocates and religious fundamentalists, that science is value free. He also focuses on discussions of 'development', especially in Third World countries. This paperback edition includes a new preface.
Between Science And Values
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Author : Loren R. Graham
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Between Science And Values written by Loren R. Graham and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Social Science categories.
Examines the influence of the physical and biological sciences on society, ethics, and philosophy during the twentieth century