On Reasoning And Argument
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On Reasoning And Argument
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Author : David Hitchcock
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-04-06
On Reasoning And Argument written by David Hitchcock and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-06 with Philosophy categories.
This book brings together in one place David Hitchcock’s most significant published articles on reasoning and argument. In seven new chapters he updates his thinking in the light of subsequent scholarship. Collectively, the papers articulate a distinctive position in the philosophy of argumentation. Among other things, the author:• develops an account of “material consequence” that permits evaluation of inferences without problematic postulation of unstated premises.• updates his recursive definition of argument that accommodates chaining and embedding of arguments and allows any type of illocutionary act to be a conclusion. • advances a general theory of relevance.• provides comprehensive frameworks for evaluating inferences in reasoning by analogy, means-end reasoning, and appeals to considerations or criteria.• argues that none of the forms of arguing ad hominem is a fallacy.• describes proven methods of teaching critical thinking effectively.
Arguments About Arguments
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Author : Maurice A. Finocchiaro
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2005-07-25
Arguments About Arguments written by Maurice A. Finocchiaro and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-07-25 with Philosophy categories.
Following an approach that is empirical but not psychological, and dialectical but not dialogical, Maurice Finocchiaro defines concepts such as reasoning, argument, argument analysis, critical reasoning, methodological reflection, judgment, critical thinking, and informal logic. Including extended critiques of the views of many contemporary scholars, he also integrates into the discussion Arnauld's Port-Royal Logic, Gramsci's theory of intellectuals, and case studies from the history of science, particularly the work of Galileo, Newton, Huygens, and Lavoisier.
The Skills Of Argument
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Author : Deanna Kuhn
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1991-07-26
The Skills Of Argument written by Deanna Kuhn and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-07-26 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The Skills of Argument presents a comprehensive empirical study of informal reasoning as argument, involving subjects across the life span. Subjects ranging in age from adolescence to late adulthood were asked to describe their views on social problems that people have occasion to think and talk about in everyday life, such as crime and unemployment. In addition to providing supporting evidence for their theories, subjects were asked to contemplate alternative theories and counterarguments and to evaluate new evidence on the topics. This is the first major study of informal reasoning across the life span. Highlighting the importance of argumentive reasoning in everyday thought, the book offers a theoretical framework for conceptualizing and studying thinking as argument. The findings address issues of major importance to cognitive and developmental psychologists, as well as educators concerned with improving the quality of people's thinking. The work is also relevant to philosophers, political scientists, and linguists interested in informal reasoning and argumentive discourse.
Methods Of Argumentation
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Author : Douglas Walton
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013-08-26
Methods Of Argumentation written by Douglas Walton and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-26 with Mathematics categories.
Argumentation, which can be abstractly defined as the interaction of different arguments for and against some conclusion, is an important skill to learn for everyday life, law, science, politics and business. The best way to learn it is to try it out on real instances of arguments found in everyday conversational exchanges and legal argumentation. The introductory chapter of this book gives a clear general idea of what the methods of argumentation are and how they work as tools that can be used to analyze arguments. Each subsequent chapter then applies these methods to a leading problem of argumentation. Today the field of computing has embraced argumentation as a paradigm for research in artificial intelligence and multi-agent systems. Another purpose of this book is to present and refine tools and techniques from computing as components of the methods that can be handily used by scholars in other fields.
The Fundamentals Of Argument Analysis
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Author : Richard L. Epstein
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013-02-01
The Fundamentals Of Argument Analysis written by Richard L. Epstein and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-01 with Philosophy categories.
Presenting the fundamentals of logic in a style accessible to both students and scholars, the text of each essay presents a story, the main line of development of the ideas, while the notes and appendices place the research within a larger scholarly context.
Handbook Of Legal Reasoning And Argumentation
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Author : Giorgio Bongiovanni
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-07-02
Handbook Of Legal Reasoning And Argumentation written by Giorgio Bongiovanni and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-02 with Philosophy categories.
This handbook addresses legal reasoning and argumentation from a logical, philosophical and legal perspective. The main forms of legal reasoning and argumentation are covered in an exhaustive and critical fashion, and are analysed in connection with more general types (and problems) of reasoning. Accordingly, the subject matter of the handbook divides in three parts. The first one introduces and discusses the basic concepts of practical reasoning. The second one discusses the general structures and procedures of reasoning and argumentation that are relevant to legal discourse. The third one looks at their instantiations and developments of these aspects of argumentation as they are put to work in the law, in different areas and applications of legal reasoning.
Argumentation Schemes For Presumptive Reasoning
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Author : Douglas Walton
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-11-05
Argumentation Schemes For Presumptive Reasoning written by Douglas Walton and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-05 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Recent concerns with the evaluation of argumentation in informal logic and speech communication center around nondemonstrative arguments that lead to tentative or defeasible conclusions based on a balance of considerations. Such arguments do not appear to have structures of the kind traditionally identified with deductive and inductive reasoning, but are extremely common and are often called "plausible" or "presumptive," meaning that they are only provisionally acceptable even when they are correct. How is one to judge, by some clearly defined standard, whether such arguments are correct or not in a given instance? The answer lies in what are called argumentation schemes -- forms of argument (structures of inference) that enable one to identify and evaluate common types of argumentation in everyday discourse. This book identifies 25 argumentation schemes for presumptive reasoning and matches a set of critical questions to each. These two elements -- the scheme and the questions -- are then used to evaluate a given argument in a particular case in relation to a context of dialogue in which the argument occurred. In recent writings on argumentation, there is a good deal of stress placed on how important argumentation schemes are in any attempt to evaluate common arguments in everyday reasoning as correct or fallacious, acceptable or questionable. However, the problem is that the literature thus far has not produced a precise and user-friendly enough analysis of the structures of the argumentation schemes themselves, nor have any of the documented accounts been as helpful, accessible, or systematic as they could be, especially in relation to presumptive reasoning. This book solves the problem by presenting the most common presumptive schemes in an orderly and clear way that makes them explicit and useful as precisely defined structures. As such, it will be an indispensable tool for researchers, students, and teachers in the areas of critical thinking, argumentation, speech communication, informal logic, and discourse analysis.
Critical Reasoning And The Art Of Argumentation
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Author : M. E. S. Van den Berg
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010-01-15
Critical Reasoning And The Art Of Argumentation written by M. E. S. Van den Berg and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-15 with Critical thinking categories.
This revised edition draws on years of lecturing experience and feedback from students. The result is a popular, lively and accessible book which offers an improved and reader-friendly introduction to the art of clear thinking. Developing and applying critical reasoning skills is globally recognised as a basic competency, like reading and writing. Critical thinkers who think for themselves are the key role players in a free and democratic society. Several up-to-date and new examples from major South African socio-political events from the past few years are given, such as the Zuma trial, political conflict, race relations, and xenophobia. Other new examples are based on events that took place in the rest of Africa and the world. New exercises are drawn from newspapers, advertisements, political speeches, literary works, the Internet, and debates about xenophobic violence, crime, the death penalty, abortion, euthanasia, inequality, and health care. Numerous activities lead readers to practise critical reasoning skills. The book is valuable to students of Philosophy but also for those studying Communication Science, Development Studies, Health Care, Law, English Studies, Medical Ethics, Political Science, Psychology and Public Administration.
The Rise Of Informal Logic
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Author : Ralph H. Johnson
language : en
Publisher: University of Windsor
Release Date : 2014-07-15
The Rise Of Informal Logic written by Ralph H. Johnson and has been published by University of Windsor this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-15 with Philosophy categories.
We are pleased to release this digital edition of Ralph Johnson’s The Rise of Informal Logic as Volume 2 in the series Windsor Studies in Argumentation. This edition is a reprint of the previous Vale Press edition with some minor corrections. We have decided to make this the second volume in the series because it is such a compelling account of the formation of informal logic as a discipline, written by one of the founders of the field. The book includes essential chapters on the history and development of informal logic. Other chapters are key reflections on the theoretical issues raised by the attempt to understand informal argument. Many of the papers were previously published in important journals. A number of them were co-authored with J. Anthony Blair. Three of them have appeared only in the present book.
Argument Structure
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Author : Douglas N. Walton
language : en
Publisher: University of Tornto Press
Release Date : 1996
Argument Structure written by Douglas N. Walton and has been published by University of Tornto Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Philosophy categories.
Provides a systematic survey, clarification, and assessment of the different tests currently used to carry out tasks involved in argument identification, and presents new methods for determining missing premises, determining whether an argument is linked or convergent, and deciding whether a given test of discourse contains an argument or not. For courses in informal logic, critical thinking, argumentation, and logical reasoning. Also of interest to those in speech communication, rhetoric, discourse analysis, and education. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR