The Phoenix Program

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The Phoenix Program

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Author : Douglas Valentine
language : en
Publisher: Open Road Media
Release Date : 2014-06-10

The Phoenix Program written by Douglas Valentine and has been published by Open Road Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-10 with History categories.

“This shocking expose of the CIA operation aimed at destroying the Vietcong infrastructure thoroughly conveys the hideousness of the Vietnam War” (Publishers Weekly). In the darkest days of the Vietnam War, America’s Central Intelligence Agency secretly initiated a sweeping program of kidnap, torture, and assassination devised to destabilize the infrastructure of the National Liberation Front (NLF) of South Vietnam, commonly known as the “Viet Cong.” The victims of the Phoenix Program were Vietnamese civilians, male and female, suspected of harboring information about the enemy—though many on the blacklist were targeted by corrupt South Vietnamese security personnel looking to extort money or remove a rival. Between 1965 and 1972, more than eighty thousand noncombatants were “neutralized,” as men and women alike were subjected to extended imprisonment without trial, horrific torture, brutal rape, and in many cases execution, all under the watchful eyes of US government agencies. Based on extensive research and in-depth interviews with former participants and observers, Douglas Valentine’s startling exposé blows the lid off of what was possibly the bloodiest and most inhumane covert operation in the CIA’s history. The ebook edition includes “The Phoenix Has Landed,” a new introduction that addresses the “Phoenix-style network” that constitutes America’s internal security apparatus today. Residents on American soil are routinely targeted under the guise of protecting us from terrorism—which is why, more than ever, people need to understand what Phoenix is all about.

Ashes To Ashes

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Author : Dale Andradé
language : en
Publisher: Free Press
Release Date : 1990

Ashes To Ashes written by Dale Andradé and has been published by Free Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with History categories.

Draws on interviews with former operatives and on government documents to present a highly positive account of the controversial rural pacification program from its inception in 1967 to the departure of its American advisors and collapse of the program in 1973. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

The Phoenix Program From Vietnam To Black Sites A Legacy Of Torture

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Author : Mike Maxey
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018

The Phoenix Program From Vietnam To Black Sites A Legacy Of Torture written by Mike Maxey and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Counterinsurgency categories.

"During the Vietnam War, the United States attempted to defeat the North Vietnamese through assorted endeavors. One such effort was developed by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in 1967 and referred to as the Phoenix Program. This covert operation combined existing counterinsurgency programs in a concerted effort to 'neutralize' the Vietcong infrastructure (VCI). Even though the program terminated at the war's end, Phoenix rose from the ashes to assist the United States across the globe. This research will explore Phoenix, its objectives, methods, and impacts, along with its application to contemporary practices utilized by the U.S. government against various adversaries. This analysis involves an examination of both primary and secondary sources related to Phoenix. Government documents from U.S. military and CIA archives, along with congressional hearings, explain the operation, its goals and effects. More recent secondary sources disclose aspects of the operation utilized as a mainstay of America's military and intelligence agency efforts to fight terrorism."--Abstract.

A Dirty Inglorious Affair The Phoenix Program In Vietnam

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Author : Michael Gabbe-Gross
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012

A Dirty Inglorious Affair The Phoenix Program In Vietnam written by Michael Gabbe-Gross and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.

This thesis offers an analysis of the Phoenix Program, a counterinsurgency operation during the Vietnam War. From 1967 to 1972, American military advisors worked with South Vietnamese military and police forces to defeat a Communist insurgency deeply enrooted in the Vietnamese society. The Viet Cong Infrastructure (VCI) accessed all levels of the South Vietnamese government in Saigon and helped defeat the regime. Using a variety of techniques including propaganda, monetary rewards, imprisonment, and torture, the Phoenix Program eliminated tens of thousands of VCI members, but in the process, innocents died and Phoenix acquired the label of an "assassination program." Journalists and anti-war demonstrators took up this label, hoping to bring an end to the war. The war became a dirty conflict with accusations of brutality and war crimes on both sides. The United States portrayed itself as a defender of freedom and human rights, but after years of frustration, American officials looked for a way out by any means necessary. The Vietnam War divided a nation and in the years since, historians cannot agree on the war's legacy. Either the United States fought for righteous reasons or politicians deceived the American people for decades on the importance of Vietnam in world affairs. Phoenix, mired in claims of cruelty, equally has a clouded heritage. The war ended in defeat for the United States, making it difficult to judge the Phoenix Program's impact. In an attempt to win the war for the Saigon government, Phoenix advisors took the fight directly to the insurgency, but in the process, their actions and those of the South Vietnamese working in the Phoenix Program committed violations and atrocities the sullied the program and the overall war effort. The tremendous amount of writing on the Vietnam War allows scholars to look back on the period and analyze almost any topic-even sensitive operations such as the Phoenix Program. This thesis draws from soldiers' memoirs from both sides of the conflict, newspaper articles, and Congressional hearing transcripts. These records provide firsthand accounts of the war from the Phoenix offices and the difficulty in fighting the Communist insurgency. In order to understand what the Phoenix Program was, it is important to listen to the voices of those involved. Equally, the newspaper articles and Congressional hearings reveal Phoenix's impact on the home front. Articles from Time, Newsweek, and newspapers around the country provide this important perspective as Americans learned of the actions of their military overseas. Finally, secondary accounts also assisted in the formation of my analysis, with a reliance on the work of Dale Andradé, Mark Moyar, and Douglas Valentine. By analyzing the various sources on the Phoenix Program and the Vietnam War, this thesis uncovers examples of brutality committed against the Vietnamese citizenry, forcing the question of what kind of program was Phoenix: an attempt at defeating the insurgency by any means necessary or a ruthless program bent on eradication of any suspected of harboring anti-Saigon leanings. Those involved with the program defended their actions, while those on the outside condemned it. Phoenix became infamous because of its secretive nature and the large number of accusations leveled against it. The Phoenix Program did not intend to become an assassination operation, but in the course of fighting the insurgency, many people, including innocent South Vietnamese, died. In the end, the Phoenix Program became just another frustrating failure during the Vietnam War.

The Phoenix Program And Contemporary Counterinsurgency

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Author : William Rosenau
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009

The Phoenix Program And Contemporary Counterinsurgency written by William Rosenau and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with History categories.

Modern-day advocates of the Phoenix Program argue that it was devastatingly effective against the Viet Cong infrastructure during the Vietnam War, but detractors condemn it as a merciless assassination campaign. The authors provide a fresh assessment of the program and identify aspects that are relevant for contemporary counterinsurgency.

The Phoenix Program

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Author : Douglas Valentine
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992

The Phoenix Program written by Douglas Valentine and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with History categories.

"No book to date conveys the hideousness of the Vietnam War as thoroughly as this one." Publishers Weekly

The Phoenix Program In Vietnam

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Author : Gary D Murtha
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994

The Phoenix Program In Vietnam written by Gary D Murtha and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Counterinsurgency categories.

The Phoenix Program

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Author : Vance Ferton
language : en
Publisher: Freegulls Publishing House
Release Date :

The Phoenix Program written by Vance Ferton and has been published by Freegulls Publishing House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with History categories.

The Phoenix Program emerged from the recognition by American intelligence officials in the mid-1960s that the Vietnam conflict could not be won through conventional military operations alone, but required a systematic effort to dismantle the political and administrative infrastructure that enabled communist forces to operate effectively throughout South Vietnam. This realization marked a fundamental shift in American strategy from purely military approaches to a more complex understanding of counterinsurgency that emphasized the importance of controlling civilian populations and eliminating the organizational networks that supported enemy operations. The intellectual foundations of the Phoenix Program can be traced to the experiences of American advisors who had observed successful counterinsurgency operations in other conflicts, particularly the British campaign against communist insurgents in Malaya during the 1950s. The Malayan Emergency had demonstrated that defeating guerrilla forces required more than battlefield victories, but necessitated systematic efforts to identify and eliminate the civilian support networks that provided intelligence, recruitment, and logistical assistance to insurgent organizations. These lessons suggested that victory in Vietnam would require similar attention to the political dimension of the conflict.

Phoenix Firebird S Missions

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Author : Edmundo Britson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021-06-02

Phoenix Firebird S Missions written by Edmundo Britson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-02 with categories.

The Vietnam War was a long, costly and divisive conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. In 1967 during the Vietnam War, the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) created a program called Phoenix to help us win the war. It was intended to "neutralize" [kill, capture, or get rid of] all people helping the insurgency in South Vietnam. Phoenix had no forces of their own but they could get anything they needed from our military. If they wanted a village napalmed they just radioed it in. If they wanted a forest removed to kill a sniper pinning down a company, the air force would drop a 500-pound bomb on request.

The Presidency Of Richard Nixon

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Author : Melvin Small
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999

The Presidency Of Richard Nixon written by Melvin Small and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Biography & Autobiography categories.

A lively anecdotal account features every facet of Nixon's controversial administration, just in time for the 25th anniversary of his history-making resignation from the presidency. 23 photos.