Target Luftwaffe
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Targeting Civilians In War
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Author : Alexander B. Downes
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2011-05-15
Targeting Civilians In War written by Alexander B. Downes and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-15 with Political Science categories.
Accidental harm to civilians in warfare often becomes an occasion for public outrage, from citizens of both the victimized and the victimizing nation. In this vitally important book on a topic of acute concern for anyone interested in military strategy, international security, or human rights, Alexander B. Downes reminds readers that democratic and authoritarian governments alike will sometimes deliberately kill large numbers of civilians as a matter of military strategy. What leads governments to make such a choice? Downes examines several historical cases: British counterinsurgency tactics during the Boer War, the starvation blockade used by the Allies against Germany in World War I, Axis and Allied bombing campaigns in World War II, and ethnic cleansing in the Palestine War. He concludes that governments decide to target civilian populations for two main reasons—desperation to reduce their own military casualties or avert defeat, or a desire to seize and annex enemy territory. When a state's military fortunes take a turn for the worse, he finds, civilians are more likely to be declared legitimate targets to coerce the enemy state to give up. When territorial conquest and annexation are the aims of warfare, the population of the disputed land is viewed as a threat and the aggressor state may target those civilians to remove them. Democracies historically have proven especially likely to target civilians in desperate circumstances. In Targeting Civilians in War, Downes explores several major recent conflicts, including the 1991 Persian Gulf War and the American-led invasion of Iraq in 2003. Civilian casualties occurred in each campaign, but they were not the aim of military action. In these cases, Downes maintains, the achievement of quick and decisive victories against overmatched foes allowed democracies to win without abandoning their normative beliefs by intentionally targeting civilians. Whether such "restraint" can be guaranteed in future conflicts against more powerful adversaries is, however, uncertain. During times of war, democratic societies suffer tension between norms of humane conduct and pressures to win at the lowest possible costs. The painful lesson of Targeting Civilians in War is that when these two concerns clash, the latter usually prevails.
The Luftwaffe
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Author : James S. Corum
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
The Luftwaffe written by James S. Corum and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with History categories.
This study provides an appraisal of Germany's air forces from the post-World War I era through the early stages of World War II. The author demolishes several myths surrounding the Luftwaffe, including the belief that they had no ideas beyond the support of ground forces.
Air University Review
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983-03
Air University Review written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983-03 with Aeronautics categories.
Flak
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Author : Edward B. Westermann
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Flak written by Edward B. Westermann and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with History categories.
Air raid sirens wail, searchlight beams flash across the sky, and the night is aflame with tracer fire and aerial explosions, as Allied bombers and German anti-aircraft units duel in the thundering darkness. Such "cinematic" scenes, played out with increasing frequency as World War II ground to a close, were more than mere stock material for movie melodramas. As Edward Westermann reveals, they point to a key but largely unappreciated aspect of the German war effort that has yet to get its full due.Long the neglected stepchild in studies of World War II air campaigns, German flak or anti-aircraft units have been frequently dismissed by American, British, and German historians (and by veterans of the European air war) as ineffective weapons that wasted valuable materiel and personnel resources desperately needed elsewhere by the Third Reich. Westermann emphatically disagrees with that view and makes a convincing case for the significant contributions made by the entire range of German anti-aircraft defenses.During the Allied air campaigns against the Third Reich, well over a million tons of bombs were dropped upon the German homeland, killing nearly 300,000 civilians, wounding another 780,000, and destroying more than 3,500,000 industrial and residential structures. Not surprisingly, that aerial Armageddon has inspired countless studies of both the victorious Allied bombing offensive and the ultimately doomed Luftwaffe defense of its own skies. By contrast, flak units have virtually been ignored, despite the fact that they employed more than a million men and women, were responsible for more than half of all Allied aircraft losses, forced Allied bombers to fly far abovehigh-accuracy altitudes, and thus allowed Germany to hold out far longer than it might have otherwise.Westermann's definitive study sheds new light on every facet of the development and organization of this vital defense arm, includi
Luftwaffe Secret Projects
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Author : Dieter Herwig
language : en
Publisher: Voyageur Press (MN)
Release Date : 2000
Luftwaffe Secret Projects written by Dieter Herwig and has been published by Voyageur Press (MN) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with History categories.
This eagerly awaited companion volume to the enormously popular volume on fighters looks at the might-have-been strategic German bombers. Filled with transatlantic jets and projects that were on the drawing board or in prototype form at the war's end. Full color action illustrations in contemporary markings and performance data tables show vividly what might have been achieved had the war continued beyond 1945.
Targeting The Third Reich
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Author : Robert S. Ehlers
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Targeting The Third Reich written by Robert S. Ehlers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with History categories.
Argues that air intelligence played a crucial but largely overlooked role in the successful execution of the Allied bombing campaigns against the Third Reich, which in turn proved a decisive factor in both ending the war in Europe and ending it as soon as it did.
The Us Eighth Air Force In World War Ii
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Author : William J. Daugherty
language : en
Publisher: University of North Texas Press
Release Date : 2024-04-15
The Us Eighth Air Force In World War Ii written by William J. Daugherty and has been published by University of North Texas Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-15 with History categories.
When America entered World War II in 1941, it was first left to the Army Air Forces to take the fight to Germany. In January 1942 the US Eighth Air Force was created and ordered to England, even though it was without men, equipment, or airplanes. This is the story of Brigadier General Ira C. Eaker’s two years with VIII Bomber Command and later as commander of the Eighth, as he worked to grow it into a force capable of striking German targets from above twenty thousand feet. Initially promised one hundred airplanes and the men to fly them, he soon discovered “his” bombers were often diverted to the North Africa and Pacific theaters. Along the way Eaker faced other critical issues, including atrocious weather, heavy casualties, and the absence of escort fighters. Meanwhile, the head of the Army Air Forces, General “Hap” Arnold, clashed with and criticized Eaker for not flying more missions with more airplanes. Ultimately, as the air war unfolded, the war of words behind the scenes continued until the generals reached a point of irreconcilable differences and Arnold relieved Eaker of command. In spite of this, the “Mighty Eighth Air Force” continued to pummel the Germans. Not once, not even in the two absolute worst air battles of the war—the Schweinfurt missions of 1943, each of which cost one of every four bombers and six hundred–plus men for each mission—did the Eighth ever turn back before reaching their target. Not until after the first two years was there a fighter that could escort the heavy bombers, the B-17s and B-24s, even partway into Germany, much less to targets near the Vienna border, and return. The story of the first two years of the “Mighty Eighth Air Force” in many senses presents an even stronger case for heroism, dedication, and simple self-sacrifice than that depicting events in the final seventeen months.
The Luftwaffe At War 1939 1945
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Author : Adolf Galland
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1973
The Luftwaffe At War 1939 1945 written by Adolf Galland and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with World War, 1939-1945 categories.
The Luftwaffe S Blitz
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Author : Chris Goss
language : en
Publisher: Crecy Publishing
Release Date : 2010
The Luftwaffe S Blitz written by Chris Goss and has been published by Crecy Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
Due to the failure of the day campaign during what has become known as the Battle of Britain, on 7 September 1940, the Luftwaffe commenced bombing London and major cities, predominantly by night. What became known as the Blitz continued until 10 May 1941 with many towns and cities across the country being attacked and London being attacked 57 nights in succession. By the end of May 1941, over 43,000 civilians, half of them in London, had been killed by bombing and more than a million houses destroyed or damaged in London alone. The Blitz failed to break the morale of the British people and any thoughts of a German invasion were cancelled with German attention quickly being transferred to the Soviet Union. Accordingly, the intensity of the attacks against mainland Britain lessened considerably. Much has been written about the Blitz from a British perspective but The Luftwaffe's Blitz tells the story from the viewpoint of the German aircrew involved, many of whom were shot down and taken prisoner. Using over 30 first hand accounts and previously unpublished photos, The Luftwaffe's Blitz details the Luftwaffe's assault against the United Kingdom in 1941, covering the major attacks and those that occurred during the remaining months of that year. Integrated with accounts from the aircrew of RAF's embryonic night fighter force as they fought against the Luftwaffe night after night in very difficult and sometimes primitive circumstances, this book provides a new perspective on the Blitz from the attacker's point of view. Book jacket.
Target Luftwaffe
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Author : William A. Ong
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Target Luftwaffe written by William A. Ong and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Fiction categories.