Rare Earth Elements
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Rare Earth Elements
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Author : Marc Humphries
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2010-11
Rare Earth Elements written by Marc Humphries and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-11 with Science categories.
Contents: (1) Intro.; (2) What are Rare Earth Elements (REE)?; (3) Major End Uses and Applications: Demand for REE; The Application of REE in National Defense; (4) Rare Earth Resources and Production Potential; Supply Chain Issues; Role of China; (5) Rare Earth Legislation in the 111th Congress: H.R. 4866, and S. 3521, the Rare Earths Supply-Chain Technology and Resources Transformation Act of 2010; H.R. 5136, the FY 2011 Nat. Defense Authorization Act; P.L. 111-84, the FY 2010 Nat. Defense Authorization Act; (6) Possible Policy Options: Authorize and Appropriate Funding for a USGS Assessment; Support and Encourage Greater Exploration for REE; Challenge China on Its Export Policy; Establish a Stockpile. Illustrations.
Handbook On Rare Earth Metals And Alloys Properties Extraction Preparation And Applications
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Author : NPCS Board of Consultants & Engineers
language : en
Publisher: ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc.
Release Date : 2009-04-01
Handbook On Rare Earth Metals And Alloys Properties Extraction Preparation And Applications written by NPCS Board of Consultants & Engineers and has been published by ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-04-01 with Science categories.
Rare earths are essential constituents of more than 100 mineral species and present in many more through substitution. They have a marked geochemical affinity for calcium, titanium, niobium, zirconium, fluoride, phosphate and carbonate ions. Industrially important minerals, which are utilized at present for rare earths production, are essentially three, namely monazite, bastnasite and xenotime. In modern time techniques for exploration of rare earths and yttrium minerals include geologic identification of environments of deposition and surface as well as airborne reconnaissance with magnetometric and radiometric equipment. There are numerous applications of rare earths such as in glass making industry, cracking catalysts, electronic and optoelectronic devices, medical technology, nuclear technology, agriculture, plastic industry etc. Lot of metals and alloys called rare earth are lying in the earth which required to be processed. Some of the important elements extracted from rare earths are uranium, lithium, beryllium, selenium, platinum metals, tantalum, silicon, molybdenum, manganese, chromium, cadmium, titanium, tungsten, zirconium etc. There are different methods involved in production of metals and non metals from rare earths for example; separation, primary crushing, secondary crushing, wet grinding, dry grinding etc. The rare earths are silver, silverymwhite, or gray metals; they have a high luster, but tarnish readily in air, have high electrical conductivity. The rare earths share many common properties this makes them difficult to separate or even distinguish from each other. There are very small differences in solubility and complex formation between the rare earths. The rare earth metals naturally occur together in minerals. Rare earths are found with non metals, usually in the 3+ oxidation state. At present all the rare earth resources in India are in the form of placer monazite deposits, which also carry other industrially important minerals like ilmenite, rutile, zircon, sillimanite and garnet. Some of the fundamentals of the book are commercially important rare earth minerals, exploration for rare earth resources, rare earth resources of the world, some rare earth minerals and their approximate compositions, rare earths in cracking catalysts, rare earth based phosphors, interdependence of applications and production of rare earths, uranium alloys, conversion of ores to lithium chemicals, characterization and analysis of very pure silicon, derivation of molybdenum metal, electoplating and chromizing, electrolytic production of titanium, heat treatment of titanium alloys, tensile properties of alloys etc. The book covers occurrence of rare earth, resources of the world, production of lithium metals, compounds derived from the metals, chemical properties of beryllium, uses of selenium, derivation of molybdenum metals, ore concentration and treatment and many more. This is a unique book of its kind, which will be a great asset for scientists, researchers, technocrats and entrepreneurs. 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The Rare Earths Their Occurance Chemistry And Technology
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Author : Stanley Isaac Levy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1915
The Rare Earths Their Occurance Chemistry And Technology written by Stanley Isaac Levy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1915 with categories.
Extractive Metallurgy Of Rare Earths
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Author : Nagaiyar Krishnamurthy
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2015-12-02
Extractive Metallurgy Of Rare Earths written by Nagaiyar Krishnamurthy and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-02 with Science categories.
New Edition Now Covers Recycling, Environmental Issues, and Analytical DeterminationEmploying four decades of experience in the rare metal and rare earths industry, the authors of Extractive Metallurgy of Rare Earths, Second Edition present the entire subject of rare earth elements with depth and accuracy. This second edition updates the most impor
The Rare Earths
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Author : Stanley Isaac Levy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1915
The Rare Earths written by Stanley Isaac Levy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1915 with Rare earths categories.
Rare Earths Industry
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Author : Ismar Borges De Lima
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2015-09-10
Rare Earths Industry written by Ismar Borges De Lima and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-10 with Science categories.
Rare Earths elements are composed of 15 chemical elements in the periodic table. Scandium and yttrium have similar properties, with mineral assemblages, and are therefore referred alike in the literature. Although abundant in the planet surface, the Rare Earths are not found in concentrated forms, thus making them economically valued as they are so challenging to obtain. Rare Earths Industry: Technological, Economic and Environmental Implications provides an interdisciplinary orientation to the topic of Rare Earths with a focus on technical, scientific, academic, economic, and environmental issues. Part I of book deals with the Rare Earths Reserves and Mining, Part II focuses on Rare Earths Processes and High-Tech Product Development, and Part III deals with Rare Earths Recycling Opportunities and Challenges. The chapters provide updated information and priceless analysis of the theme, and they seek to present the latest techniques, approaches, processes and technologies that can reduce the costs of compliance with environmental concerns in a way it is possible to anticipate and mitigate emerging problems. - Discusses the influence of policy on Rare Earth Elements to help raise interest in developing strategies for management resource development and exploitation - Global contributions will address solutions in countries that are high RE producers, including China, Brazil, Australia, and South China - End of chapter critical summaries outline the technological, economic and environmental implications of rare earths reserves, exploration and market - Provides a concise, but meaningful, geopolitical analysis of the current worldwide scenario and importance of rare earths exploration for governments, corporate groups, and local stakeholders
Extractive Metallurgy Of Rare Earths
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Author : Nagaiyar Krishnamurthy
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2004-12-20
Extractive Metallurgy Of Rare Earths written by Nagaiyar Krishnamurthy and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-12-20 with Science categories.
Extractive Metallurgy of Rare Earths compiles information from scattered sources that is often available only to specialists. It provides a complete and usable survey of the rare earth resources, extraction, and production of numerous end products that translates to both laboratory and industrial settings. This book is a source of industry expertis
Rare Earth Materials
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Author : A.R. Jha
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-06-17
Rare Earth Materials written by A.R. Jha and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-17 with Science categories.
Recent studies indicate that China accounts for about 96 percent of the world’s supply of rare earth materials (REMs). With REMs becoming increasingly important for a growing number of high-tech applications, appropriate action must be taken to mitigate the effects of a shortage of critical REMs in defense systems and components. Bringing together information previously available only from disparate journal articles and databases, Rare Earth Materials: Properties and Applications describes the unique characteristics and applications of 17 REMs. It defines their chemical, electrical, thermal, and optical characteristics. Maintaining a focus on physical and chemical properties, it addresses the history and critical issues pertaining to mining and processing of REMs. In this book, Dr. A.R. Jha continues his distinguished track record of distilling complex theoretical physical concepts into an understandable technical framework that can be extended to practical applications across commercial and industrial frameworks. He summarizes the chemical, optical, electrical, thermal, magnetic, and spectroscopic properties of REMs best suited for next-generation commercial and military systems or equipment. Coverage includes extraction, recycling, refinement, visual inspection, identification of spectroscopic parameters, quality control, element separation based on specific application, pricing control, and environmental / geo-political considerations. Potential applications are identified with an emphasis on scientific instruments, nuclear resonance imaging equipment, MRI systems, magnetic couplers for uranium enrichment equipment, battery-electrodes, electric motors, electric generators, underwater sensors, and commercial and military sensors. The book describes unique applications of rare earth magnets in all-electric and hybrid electric cars and microwave components. It also considers the use of rare earth magnets in commercial and military systems where weight and size are the critical design requirements. Suitable for both students and design engineers involved in the development of high-technology components or systems, the book concludes by summarizing future applications in electro-optic systems and components, including infrared lasers, diode-pumped solid-state lasers operating at room temperatures, and other sophisticated military and commercial test equipment
Rare Earth Elements And Their Minerals
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Author : Michael Aide
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2020-06-17
Rare Earth Elements And Their Minerals written by Michael Aide and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-17 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book describes the recent evolution of rare earth elements and their mineralogy, both natural and synthetic analogues. Authors review and document rare earth element chemistry in the aqueous environment and the petrology of the rare earth element-bearing mineral Allanite. Synthetic rare earth minerals and their applications is a rapidly evolving discipline important to medicine, advanced digital technologies, and solid-state physics. Authors report on the synthesis of a macrocyclic gadolinium complex and also gadolinium complexes and their applications in medicine. Authors present compelling advances in gadolinium isotopes and oxides as substrates for induced excitation and luminescent material sciences.
Rare Earth Element Geochemistry
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Author : P. Henderson
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Rare Earth Element Geochemistry written by P. Henderson and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Science categories.
Developments in Geochemistry, Volume 2: Rare Earth Element Geochemistry presents the remarkable developments in the chemistry and geochemistry of the rare earth elements. This book discusses the analytical techniques and the recognition that rare earth fractionation occurs naturally in different ways. Organized into 13 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the wide array of types and sizes of the cation coordination polyhedral in rock-forming minerals. This text then examines the application of rare earth element abundances to petrogenetic problems that has centered on the evolution of igneous rocks. Other chapters consider the matching of observed rare earth element abundances with those provided by the theoretical modeling of petrogenetic processes. This book discusses as well the hypotheses on the genesis of a rock or mineral suite. The final chapter deals with the principal analytical methods. This book is a valuable resource for undergraduates, lecturers, and researchers who study petrology and geochemistry.