Non Alignment Policy Of Indonesia
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Non Alignment Policy Of Indonesia
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Author : Rajesh Kumar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Non Alignment Policy Of Indonesia written by Rajesh Kumar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Political Science categories.
A Foreign Policy Of Non Alignment Indonesia S Position During The Cold War
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Author : Anna Leiber
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2014-10-23
A Foreign Policy Of Non Alignment Indonesia S Position During The Cold War written by Anna Leiber and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-23 with Political Science categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject Politics - Region: South Asia, grade: 1,0, University of Pavia, course: History of International Relations, language: English, abstract: During the early years of the Cold War the American as well as the Soviet leaders concentrated their political strategy primarily on the European territory. From the early 1950s onwards, however, their attention shifted towards the Asian and African world. Among the Asian countries, especially the new established Republic of Indonesia was soon considered as a significant strategic control point by both superpowers. Thus, in order to gain this young nation as a political ally, the US as well as the Soviet government continuously offered economic and military support during the next 20 years. Despite all these diplomatic efforts, Indonesia didn’t join any alliance. Following the 1949 proclaimed foreign policy of non-alignment, president Sukarno wanted to uphold a neutral position between the American and Soviet bloc. Until 1965, however, the Indonesian leader played a successful double game with the Cold War opponents through which he tried to benefit as much as possible. Looking at the period between the end of the Second World War 1945 and Sukarno’s political overthrow in 1965, this paper analyzes two questions. On the one hand, it will focus upon the political attempts coming from the USA and the USSR in order to influence the Indonesian government. On the other hand, by illustrating the latter’s behaviour it will underline that Indonesia took a huge advantage from its triangle position between the American and the Soviet bloc and left the path of foreign neutrality soon after its independence.
The Origins Of Nonalignment
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Author : Donald Greenlees
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
The Origins Of Nonalignment written by Donald Greenlees and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
The thesis analyses Indonesia's foreign policy, specifically its alignment behavior, in the 20 years after it declared independence in 1945. It investigates the origins of Indonesia's enduring bebas-aktif (independent and active) foreign policy and its manifestation in an official policy of neutrality and then nonalignment during the Cold War. It then follows the evolution of alignment policy via Indonesia's interactions with the great powers of the era - the USA, the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China. The case study period provides a detailed account of a series of episodes that engaged the Cold War's great powers, including the Asia- Africa conference, US-sponsored regional rebellions in Indonesia, the campaign to wrest control of West New Guinea, and the attempt to "crush" the formation of Malaysia under a policy of Konfrontasi. In trying to account for patterns in Indonesian alignment, the thesis challenges conventional approaches to alignment that explain changing behavior as purely a response to either the capability or intentions of other powers. Instead of seeing alignment as the result of a balance of power or a balance of threat, the thesis finds that Indonesia's alignment policy during the period is better understood as a balance of risk between competing domestic and international demands and objectives. Policymakers are viewed as placing especially high priority on maintaining policy autonomy, which they compromise only when the objective that alignment serves is regarded as critical to the state. The analysis highlights a deep vein of Realpolitik and pragmatism in Indonesia's alignment behavior, which prompted it to abandon neutrality when the international and domestic objectives of policymakers outweighed their commitment to the bebas-aktif policy. But the thesis found Indonesia's most common approach to alignment was the use of a range of 'smart' strategies designed to maximise the benefits and minimise the risks of alignment. The principal risks could be placed in two categories: first, the risk of losing policy autonomy and, second, the risk of alignment choice provoking a domestic or international backlash. The thesis also reviewed methods of analysing decisions under conditions of risk. Comparing a rational actor model with a psychological model of choice, it found policymakers were prone to depart from the precepts of rational choice under conditions of crisis and uncertainty when the risk of critical loss to the state was is high.
India S Nonalignment Policy
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Author : Paul F. Power
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1967
India S Nonalignment Policy written by Paul F. Power and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1967 with India categories.
Nonalignment Theory And Current Policy
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Author : Leo Mates
language : en
Publisher: Belgrade : Institute of International Politics and Economics ; Dobbs Ferry, N.Y : Oceana Publications
Release Date : 1972
Nonalignment Theory And Current Policy written by Leo Mates and has been published by Belgrade : Institute of International Politics and Economics ; Dobbs Ferry, N.Y : Oceana Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Political Science categories.
India S Foreign Policy And Non Alignment
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Author : Satya Bhusan Jain
language : en
Publisher: Anamika Pub & Distributors
Release Date : 2000
India S Foreign Policy And Non Alignment written by Satya Bhusan Jain and has been published by Anamika Pub & Distributors this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with India categories.
The Indonesian Quarterly
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
The Indonesian Quarterly written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Indonesia categories.
Indian Indonesian Relations 1961 1980
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Author : Bhagwan Dass Arora
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Indian Indonesian Relations 1961 1980 written by Bhagwan Dass Arora and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with India categories.
Non Aligned Movement In The Era Of Globalization
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Author : Harmoko (H.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Non Aligned Movement In The Era Of Globalization written by Harmoko (H.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Communication categories.
Indonesian Foreign Policy
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Author : Euiyoung Ham
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1959
Indonesian Foreign Policy written by Euiyoung Ham and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1959 with categories.