Neoconstructivism

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Neoconstructivism

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Author : Scott Johnson
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2010

Neoconstructivism written by Scott Johnson and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Psychology categories.

Arguments over the developmental origins of human knowledge are ancient, founded in the writings of Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, Hume, and Kant. They have also persisted long enough to become a core area of inquiry in cognitive and developmental science. Empirical contributions to these debates, however, appeared only in the last century, when Jean Piaget offered the first viable theory of knowledge acquisition that centered on the great themes discussed by Kant: object, space, time, and causality. The essence of Piaget's theory is constructivism: The building of concepts from simpler perceptual and cognitive precursors, in particular from experience gained through manual behaviors and observation.The constructivist view was disputed by a generation of researchers dedicated to the idea of the "competent infant," endowed with knowledge (say, of permanent objects) that emerged prior to facile manual behaviors. Taking this possibility further, it has been proposed that many fundamental cognitive mechanisms -- reasoning, event prediction, decision-making, hypothesis testing, and deduction -- operate independently of all experience, and are, in this sense, innate. The competent-infant view has an intuitive appeal, attested to by its widespread popularity, and it enjoys a kind of parsimony: It avoids the supposed philosophical pitfall posed by having to account for novel forms of knowledge in inductive learners. But this view leaves unaddressed a vital challenge: to understand the mechanisms by which new knowledge arises.This challenge has now been met. The neoconstructivist approach is rooted in Piaget's constructivist emphasis on developmental mechanisms, yet also reflects modern advances in our understanding of learning mechanisms, cortical development, and modeling. This book brings together, for the first time, theoretical views that embrace computational models and developmental neurobiology, and emphasize the interplay of time, experience, and cortical architecture to explain emergent knowledge, with an empirical line of research identifying a set of general-purpose sensory, perceptual, and learning mechanisms that guide knowledge acquisition across different domains and through development.

Neoconstructivism

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Author : Scott Johnson
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2009-11-25

Neoconstructivism written by Scott Johnson and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-11-25 with Psychology categories.

Arguments over the developmental origins of human knowledge are ancient, founded in the writings of Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, Hume, and Kant. They have also persisted long enough to become a core area of inquiry in cognitive and developmental science. Empirical contributions to these debates, however, appeared only in the last century, when Jean Piaget offered the first viable theory of knowledge acquisition that centered on the great themes discussed by Kant: object, space, time, and causality. The essence of Piaget's theory is constructivism: The building of concepts from simpler perceptual and cognitive precursors, in particular from experience gained through manual behaviors and observation. The constructivist view was disputed by a generation of researchers dedicated to the idea of the "competent infant," endowed with knowledge (say, of permanent objects) that emerged prior to facile manual behaviors. Taking this possibility further, it has been proposed that many fundamental cognitive mechanisms -- reasoning, event prediction, decision-making, hypothesis testing, and deduction -- operate independently of all experience, and are, in this sense, innate. The competent-infant view has an intuitive appeal, attested to by its widespread popularity, and it enjoys a kind of parsimony: It avoids the supposed philosophical pitfall posed by having to account for novel forms of knowledge in inductive learners. But this view leaves unaddressed a vital challenge: to understand the mechanisms by which new knowledge arises. This challenge has now been met. The neoconstructivist approach is rooted in Piaget's constructivist emphasis on developmental mechanisms, yet also reflects modern advances in our understanding of learning mechanisms, cortical development, and modeling. This book brings together, for the first time, theoretical views that embrace computational models and developmental neurobiology, and emphasize the interplay of time, experience, and cortical architecture to explain emergent knowledge, with an empirical line of research identifying a set of general-purpose sensory, perceptual, and learning mechanisms that guide knowledge acquisition across different domains and through development.

Handbook Of Child Psychology And Developmental Science Cognitive Processes

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-03-31

Handbook Of Child Psychology And Developmental Science Cognitive Processes written by and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-31 with Psychology categories.

The essential reference for human development theory, updated and reconceptualized The Handbook of Child Psychology and Developmental Science, a four-volume reference, is the field-defining work to which all others are compared. First published in 1946, and now in its Seventh Edition, the Handbook has long been considered the definitive guide to the field of developmental science. Volume 2: Cognitive Processes describes cognitive development as a relational phenomenon that can be studied only as part of a larger whole of the person and context relational system that sustains it. In this volume, specific domains of cognitive development are contextualized with respect to biological processes and sociocultural contexts. Furthermore, key themes and issues (e.g., the importance of symbolic systems and social understanding) are threaded across multiple chapters, although every each chapter is focused on a different domain within cognitive development. Thus, both within and across chapters, the complexity and interconnectivity of cognitive development are well illuminated. Learn about the inextricable intertwining of perceptual development, motor development, emotional development, and brain development Understand the complexity of cognitive development without misleading simplification, reducing cognitive development to its biological substrates, or viewing it as a passive socialization process Discover how each portion of the developmental process contributes to subsequent cognitive development Examine the multiple processes – such as categorizing, reasoning, thinking, decision making and judgment – that comprise cognition The scholarship within this volume and, as well, across the four volumes of this edition, illustrate that developmental science is in the midst of a very exciting period. There is a paradigm shift that involves increasingly greater understanding of how to describe, explain, and optimize the course of human life for diverse individuals living within diverse contexts. This Handbook is the definitive reference for educators, policy-makers, researchers, students, and practitioners in human development, psychology, sociology, anthropology, and neuroscience.

Evolution And Psychology

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Author : Scott A. MacDougall-Shackleton
language : en
Publisher: SAGE Publications Limited
Release Date : 2023-12-20

Evolution And Psychology written by Scott A. MacDougall-Shackleton and has been published by SAGE Publications Limited this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-20 with Psychology categories.

Evolution and Psychology is a critical exploration of how evolutionary approaches can be used to understand the human mind and behaviour. Written for undergraduate students in the social sciences, this text provides an accessible introduction to foundational concepts in evolutionary biology. It then explores evolutionary perspectives on key psychological topics such as cognition, development, group dynamics, mate choice, language and communication, psychopathology, and culture. An interdisciplinary approach is woven throughout, integrating evolutionary psychology with insights from behavioural ecology, anthropology, genetics, and neuroscience. You will learn to think critically about evolutionary explanations, with Warning Flag features throughout the text that address frequently misunderstood topics, common fallacies, and historical misuses and abuses of applying evolutionary theory to human behaviour. This is an essential read for students of Evolutionary Psychology and anyone looking for a contemporary overview of this complex and captivating field. Scott A. MacDougall-Shackleton is Professor of Psychology at Western University.

Annals Of Theoretical Psychology

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984

Annals Of Theoretical Psychology written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Psychology categories.

European Political Economy

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Author : Leila Simona Talani
language : en
Publisher: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
Release Date : 2004

European Political Economy written by Leila Simona Talani and has been published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Business & Economics categories.

European Political Economy provides a useful didactic tool for all scholars and students interested in a non-formalized political economy approach to European economic integration. Beginning with a theoretical orientation to European economic issues and European political economy, Leila S. Talani shows that political scientific approaches to political economy can generate new and important insights into the nature and dynamics of the European Union (EU). The chapters collectively present a comprehensive and coherent statement of political scientists' definitions of political economy, and apply their concepts, theories, and insights to contemporary developments in the EU. The book derives its distinctive focus from an emphasis on ideas, interests, and institutions as basic approaches to the study of European economic and political developments.

Culture Of The Time Of Transformation

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Author : János Brendel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999

Culture Of The Time Of Transformation written by János Brendel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Arts categories.

Goldsmiths Art

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Author : Hermann Schadt
language : en
Publisher: Arnoldsche Verlagsanstalt GmbH
Release Date : 1996

Goldsmiths Art written by Hermann Schadt and has been published by Arnoldsche Verlagsanstalt GmbH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Antiques & Collectibles categories.

Goldsmith's Art is the first comprehensive presentation of 5000 years of goldsmiths' art with numerous

Czechoslovak Glass

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983

Czechoslovak Glass written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Glassware categories.

The Research Productivity Of Scientists

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Author : Robert Leslie Fisher
language : en
Publisher: University Press of America
Release Date : 2005-01-21

The Research Productivity Of Scientists written by Robert Leslie Fisher and has been published by University Press of America this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-21 with Education categories.

For over forty years, social scientists have noted and puzzled over the 'gender gap' in publication rates of academic scientists. In this study, the author, Robert L. Fisher, argues that men and women scientists differ in their 'problem choice process' and that this difference may be behind much of the difference in publication rates. Fisher draws on a large literature review, including much unpublished European research, and a detailed survey of 107 scientists from numerous disciplines that he carried out in the late 1990s in both the United States and Canada, to support his thesis.