Facility Siting And Layout Optimization Based On Process Safety

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Facility Siting And Layout Optimization Based On Process Safety

Facility Siting And Layout Optimization Based On Process Safety written by Seungho Jung and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.

In this work, a new approach to optimize facility layout for toxic release, fire and explosion scenarios is presented. By integrating a risk analysis in the optimization formulation, safer assignments for facility layout and siting have been obtained. Accompanying with the economical concepts used in a plant layout, the new model considers the cost of willing to avoid a fatality, i.e. the potential injury cost due to accidents associated with toxic release near residential areas. For fire and explosion scenarios, the building or equipment damage cost replaces the potential injury cost. Two different approaches have been proposed to optimize the total cost related with layout. In the first phase using continuous-plane approach, the overall problem was initially modeled as a disjunctive program where the coordinates of each facility and cost-related variables are the main unknowns. Then, the convex hull approach was used to reformulate the problem as a Mixed Integer Non-Linear Program (MINLP) that identifies potential layouts by minimizing overall costs. This approach gives the coordinates of each facility in a continuous plane, and estimates for the total length of pipes, the land area, and the selection of safety devices. Finally, the 3D-computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to compare the difference between the initial layout and the final layout in order to see how obstacles and separation distances affect the dispersion or overpressures of affected facilities. One of the CFD programs, ANSYS CFX was employed for the dispersion study and Flame Acceleration Simulator (FLACS) for the fires and explosions. In the second phase for fire and explosion scenarios, the study is focused on finding an optimal placement for hazardous facilities and other process plant buildings using the optimization theory and mapping risks on the given land in order to calculate risk in financial terms. The given land is divided in a square grid of which the sides have a certain size and in which each square acquires a risk-score. These risk-scores such as the probability of structural damage are to be multiplied by prices of potential facilities which would be built on the grid. Finally this will give us the financial risk. Accompanying the suggested safety concepts, the new model takes into account construction and operational costs. The overall cost of locations is a function of piping cost, management cost, protection device cost, and financial risk. This approach gives the coordinates of the best location of each facility in a 2-D plane, and estimates the total piping length. Once the final layout is obtained, the CFD code, FLACS is used to simulate and consider obstacle effects in 3-D space. The outcome of this study will be useful in assisting the selection of location for process plant buildings and risk management.

Chemical Engineering Progress

Chemical Engineering Progress written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Chemical engineering categories.

The Canadian Journal Of Chemical Engineering

The Canadian Journal Of Chemical Engineering written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-02 with Chemical engineering categories.

Safety Science Abstracts Journal

Safety Science Abstracts Journal written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Industrial hygiene categories.

Facility Siting And Layout Optimization For Risk Reduction Of Offshore Operations

Facility Siting And Layout Optimization For Risk Reduction Of Offshore Operations written by Joshua Paul Richardson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.

An MINLP optimization model has been created that optimizes the layout of a set of sections with fixed footprint areas bound to an offshore platform of a given size based on safety considerations due to fire, explosion, and toxic scenarios. Process parameters are used to estimate the probability of an event as well as the magnitude of the possible impact on other sections, which can be weighted in importance in the objective. The magnitude of the impact is directly dependent on several factors: the spacing between the sections, the congestion in the general vicinity of the section, escape routes, and domino effects of fire and explosion. Explosion modeling is carried out both for vapor cloud explosions ignited within the area that they are created, and dispersed flammable clouds with footprints based on weather conditions, congestion, and process conditions. Modeling uses an approximation to the TNO multi-energy method which takes into account the amount of congestion and confinement in the area and the size of the flammable cloud. Fire modeling is used to ascertain the adequacy of layout of both sections and muster points that the sections are assigned to. Modeling is done using three different correlations for different fire scenarios: pool fire, fireball, and jet fire. Toxic effects of combustion products and escape-hindering effects of smoke production are also incorporated into the model, accounting for weather conditions and local congestion. Toxic modeling is based on the same dispersion modeling estimation as the explosion and fire scearios use and focuses on the effect of hydrogen sulfide leaks causing incapacitation, escape difficulties due to eye irritation and disorientation, and death. Dispersion modeling to determine effects of smoke, dispersed gas clouds, and toxic vapors is carried out in three-dimensions using the CFD software FLACS and the anticipated congestion model (ACM), a method that has not yet been applied to generalized dispersion. The results are correlated to an expression as a function of flow rate, congestion, windspeed, and their interactions that can be used in the optimization formulation. Mitigations are also considered; blast walls and fire walls, both ideal (non-failing) and with failure mechanisms, are incorporated into the model as a key component considered during the layout. It is shown that the model is a positive step into an area that has sparsely been considered, contributing a framework for the integrated consideration and minimization of several key risk factors in the offshore realm that, as yet, have been unexplored from the numerical optimization viewpoint. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155493

Abstracting And Indexing Guide For The Nuclear Desalination Information Center

Abstracting And Indexing Guide For The Nuclear Desalination Information Center written by Karl Otto Johnson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1967 with Abstracting and indexing services categories.

Transactions Of The American Society Of Civil Engineers

Transactions Of The American Society Of Civil Engineers written by American Society of Civil Engineers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Civil engineering categories.

Vols. 29-30 contain papers of the International Engineering Congress, Chicago, 1893; v. 54, pts. A-F, papers of the International Engineering Congress, St. Louis, 1904.

Energy Research Abstracts

Energy Research Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Power resources categories.

Hris Abstracts

Hris Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Highway engineering categories.

Journal Of The British Nuclear Energy Society

Journal Of The British Nuclear Energy Society written by British Nuclear Energy Society and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1976 with Nuclear energy categories.