Cognitive Dynamics
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Cognitive Dynamics
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Author : Eric Dietrich
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-03-05
Cognitive Dynamics written by Eric Dietrich and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-05 with Psychology categories.
Recent work in cognitive science, much of it placed in opposition to a computational view of the mind, has argued that the concept of representation and theories based on that concept are not sufficient to explain the details of cognitive processing. These attacks on representation have focused on the importance of context sensitivity in cognitive processing, on the range of individual differences in performance, and on the relationship between minds and the bodies and environments in which they exist. In each case, models based on traditional assumptions about representation have been assumed to be too rigid to account for the effects of these factors on cognitive processing. In place of a representational view of mind, other formalisms and methodologies, such as nonlinear differential equations (or dynamical systems) and situated robotics, have been proposed as better explanatory tools for understanding cognition. This book is based on the notion that, while new tools and approaches for understanding cognition are valuable, representational approaches do not need to be abandoned in the course of constructing new models and explanations. Rather, models that incorporate representation are quite compatible with the kinds of complex situations being modeled with the new methods. This volume illustrates the power of this explicitly representational approach--labeled "cognitive dynamics"--in original essays by prominent researchers in cognitive science. Each chapter explores some aspect of the dynamics of cognitive processing while still retaining representations as the centerpiece of the explanations of the key phenomena. These chapters serve as an existence proof that representation is not incompatible with the dynamics of cognitive processing. The book is divided into sections on foundational issues about the use of representation in cognitive science, the dynamics of low level cognitive processes (such as visual and auditory perception and simple lexical priming), and the dynamics of higher cognitive processes (including categorization, analogy, and decision making).
Cognitive Dynamics On Clausewitz Landscapes
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Author : Rodrick Wallace
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-08-20
Cognitive Dynamics On Clausewitz Landscapes written by Rodrick Wallace and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-20 with Political Science categories.
This book applies cutting-edge methods from cognitive and evolutionary theories to develop models of conflict between hierarchically-structured cognitive entities under circumstances of imprecision, uncertainty and stress. Characterized as friction and the fog-of-war by the Prussian military theorist Carl von Clausewitz, such conditions impair institutional cognition in real-time conflict and pose a real and continuing threat to organizations, such as the US military. In a linked collection of formal essays and a mathematical appendix, the book explores different aspects of cognitive and evolutionary process as conducted under the direction of doctrine that acts as a kind of genome for retention of what is learned through Lamarckian evolutionary selection pressures: armies and corporate entities learn from conflict, and incorporate that learning into their ongoing procedures. The book proposes models and policy solutions for strategic competence. A central feature of the book is a formal description of the famous OODA loop of the US military theorist John Boyd in terms of the Data Rate Theorem that links control and information theories. That description is expanded to cover more fully the impact of stochastic fog-of-war effects on tactical and operational scales of conflict. Subsequent chapters examine in more detail the role of doctrine, and the particular effect of embedding culture on cognitive and Lamarckian evolutionary processes associated with conflict on tactical, operational, and strategic scales and levels of organization. A scientifically sophisticated exercise in applied mathematics, history, evolutionary theory, and ecosystem theory, this book will be appropriate for researchers and students interested in defense, security, and international relations, as well as non-academic career professionals in government and industry.
Cognitive Dynamics In Linguistic Interactions
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Author : Alexander Kravchenko
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2012-03-15
Cognitive Dynamics In Linguistic Interactions written by Alexander Kravchenko and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
In the era of globalization, issues of international and intercultural communication in different professional areas become even more acute. There is a growing demand to increase the efficiency of higher learning educational programs, called upon to enhance second or foreign language communicative competence of would-be specialists. Yet the existing methods of teaching a foreign or second language are far from being satisfactory in terms of expected efficiency. This is symptomatic of a general methodological problem: we lack holistic understanding of how natural language shapes the cognitive domain of human interactions. Orthodox linguistic science is based on a premise that language is a tool for expressing and conveying thought, thus making communication between humans possible. This dualistic assumption ignores the fact that just as there may be no language without interacting human subjects, there may be no human thought (or, largely, humanness) to speak of without languaging as species-specific behavior, because ‘we as humans happen in language’ (Maturana). The study of language, therefore, must focus on the dynamics of linguistic interactions, and dialogue should be pursued between applied linguists and theoreticians about the conceptual-theoretic foundations of linguistic education. This volume is just such an attempt.
Socio Cognitive Dynamics In Strategic Processes
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Author : Maren S. D. Breuer
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2010
Socio Cognitive Dynamics In Strategic Processes written by Maren S. D. Breuer and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Business & Economics categories.
Process-related considerations in strategy research and approaches to managerial cognition constitute two highly valuable, yet still only limitedly integrated, fields of interest in strategic management. To fill this void, the work starts from a cognitive perspective with the overall aim of examining the emergence of organisational strategies in strategic processes. The central research object 'strategy' is thereby conceptualized as shared strategic orientations among an organisation's key actors. The existing gap between strategy process research and cognitive strategy research is closed on a conceptual level first by developing and specifying a socio-cognitive perspective on strategic processes. In recognition of the central importance of social interactions in this context, the focus is then set on a specific core forum for strategic activities, i. e. strategic decision making groups. In this, the nature and the role of social interactions for the developing strategy-related knowledge structures is examined first conceptually, leading to the development of a socio-cognitive model on strategic decision making in groups, followed by a qualitative empirical study in this kind of activity forum. With its truly interdisciplinary nature, the dissertation is of interest for strategy scholars as it enlarges the pool of knowledge in strategic management both content-wise and also method(olog)ically with the innovative empirical research approach adopted. For practitioners contributions are made by detailing the different dimensions of strategic processes and hence sensitizing to important factors for careful overall process designs. At the micro level, concrete suggestions are derived for composing and instructing strategy teams in such a way as to allow for efficient interchanges during the discussions themselves, as well as to enable the effectiveness of these efforts beyond the specific group context and for the performance of the wider organisation.
The Cognitive Dynamics Underlying Decision Making
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Author : Kanghoon Jung
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
The Cognitive Dynamics Underlying Decision Making written by Kanghoon Jung and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
A fundamental question in decision neuroscience is how cognitive processes underlying decision-making give rise to efficient decisions, especially in complex situations with multiple choice options, and each option consisting of multiple attributes such as outcome, cost, and uncertainty. These cognitive processes include attention, learning, and memory. While much is known about each process individually, less is known about how they interact: that is, the underlying cognitive dynamics. The present thesis aims to provide an integrated framework for understanding the cognitive dynamics at the behavioral, computational, and neural levels. Behavioral studies presented in this thesis investigated the influences of attention, memory, and reward on decision-making by quantitatively characterizing dynamic modulations of two critical components of choice behavior: bias (i.e., the skew of the choice distribution across options) and persistence (i.e. repeated choices). These studies provide evidence that attentional and motivational control guide multi-attribute decisions by selecting attributes to maximize payoff or minimize effort, and by generating robust persistent actions. In addition, memory related to recollection and familiarity influences choice bias and persistence, respectively. A computational model that accounts for attentional and motivational control based on the multi-attribute choice context is then presented. The model captured behavioral data, and suggests that (a) choices are selectively biased toward more distinct attributes; and (b) persistence results from memory-dependent learning rates. Finally, using single-unit recordings, this thesis directly explored neuronal representations of subjective utility during decisions under uncertainty in the lateral prefrontal cortex, a high-level cognition area of the brain. This study provides evidence that lateral prefrontal neurons code expected value and uncertainty of choices. By combining approaches from psychology, economics, and computational and systems neuroscience, this thesis provides a significantly improved characterization of the cognitive dynamics that, when in harmony, contribute to better decisions.
The Indexical Point Of View
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Author : Vojislav Bozickovic
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-10-22
The Indexical Point Of View written by Vojislav Bozickovic and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-22 with Philosophy categories.
This book argues that there is a common cognitive mechanism underlying all indexical thoughts, in spite of their seeming diversity. Indexical thoughts are mental representations, such as beliefs and desires. They represent items from a thinker's point of view or her cognitive perspective. We typically express them by means of sentences containing linguistic expressions such as 'this (F)' or 'that (F)', adverbs like 'here', 'now', and 'today', and the personal pronoun ‘I’. While generally agreeing that representing the world from a thinker's cognitive perspective is a key feature of indexical thoughts, philosophers disagree as to whether a thinker's cognitive perspective can be captured and rationalized by semantic content and, if so, what kind of content this is. This book surveys competing views and then advances its own positive account. Ultimately, it argues that a thinker's cognitive perspective - or her indexical point of view - is to be explained in terms of the content that is believed and asserted as the only kind of content that there is which thereby serves as the bearer of cognitive significance. The Indexical Point of View will be of interest to philosophers of mind and language, linguists, and cognitive scientists.
Emulation And Cognition
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Author : Rick Grush
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Emulation And Cognition written by Rick Grush and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Cognitive science categories.
Neurodynamics Of Cognition And Consciousness
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Author : Leonid I. Perlovsky
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2007-08-26
Neurodynamics Of Cognition And Consciousness written by Leonid I. Perlovsky and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-08-26 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Experimental evidence in humans and other mammalians indicates that complex neurodynamics is crucial for the emergence of higher-level intelligence. Dynamical neural systems with encoding in limit cycle and non-convergent attractors have gained increasing popularity in the past decade. The role of synchronization, desynchronization, and intermittent synchronization on cognition has been studied extensively by various authors, in particular by authors contributing to the present volume. This book addresses dynamical aspects of brain functions and cognition.
Sociology
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Author : Melvin Lawrence DeFleur
language : en
Publisher: Pearson Scott Foresman
Release Date : 1977
Sociology written by Melvin Lawrence DeFleur and has been published by Pearson Scott Foresman this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Social Science categories.
Cognitive Dynamics And International Politics
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Author : Christer Jönsson
language : en
Publisher: Burns & Oates
Release Date : 1982
Cognitive Dynamics And International Politics written by Christer Jönsson and has been published by Burns & Oates this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Political Science categories.