Art And Artifacts 2e
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Art And Artifacts 2e
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Author : James Putnam
language : en
Publisher: Thames and Hudson
Release Date : 2009-10-27
Art And Artifacts 2e written by James Putnam and has been published by Thames and Hudson this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-10-27 with Antiques & Collectibles categories.
"The increasing trend towards collaborations between practising artists and museum curators has in some cases involved the rehanging of existing collections or redesigning of gallery spaces. In this way the probing instinct of the creative mind counterbalances the sense of permanence and order associated with the museum in a constructive dialogue involving elements of the past, present and future."--BOOK JACKET
Visual Arts Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors
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Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01
Visual Arts Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Study Aids categories.
Chpater 1. Introduction to Visual Arts (Part 1): The visual arts consist of creative expression that considers innovation and individuality as its primary determinants; Objects-of-art thus produced with great skill or accomplishment invariably gains a degree of (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 2. Introduction to Visual Arts (Part 2): In contemporary times visual art has moved beyond the singular discipline towards multi-media expressions that have even significantly transgressed the studio and gallery/museum as spaces and the market as its economic determinant; Thus, it now includes and incorporates the applied arts within it, while photography and digital modes are integrated into its world of postmodern practice; On the theoretical perspective, art history and criticism examines and analyses the past and present developments and innovations, providing a contextual awareness to studio-practice about the present and possible future(s), thus integrates all of the above into a holistic understanding of the discipline(s). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 3. UNIT I - Fundamentals & Composition: Fundamentals of visual art (line, shape, form, space, colour, texture, tonal values, perspective, design etc.); Understanding visual principles of composition (proportion, unity, harmony, rhythm, contrast, balance, foreshortening and emphasis etc.); Representation through two and three dimensions in visual art; Environmental, conceptual and perceptual aspects of art. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 4. UNIT II - Inter-relationship of Visual Arts: Various forms of visual arts and their inter-relationship with other modes of creative expression, e.g. performing art, cinema and literature. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 5. UNIT III - Traditional Mediums & Techniques: Knowledge of traditional medium, materials and techniques, and their application in all disciplines of visual expression – e.g. carving and casting processes; handling of 2 colour/pigment (impasto, glazing, etc.); intaglio/relief print; fresco; preparation of ground for murals, preparation of wasli for miniatures, etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 6. UNIT IV - Modern Techniques & Contemporary Practices: Developments in modern techniques, processes and procedures and their application in contemporary visual practices (installation; multi-colour print; computer-aided design – vector & rector; multimedia and digital technologies in art; trompe l’oeil illusory hyperrealism etc.). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 7. UNIT V & VI - Aesthetics, Art Appreciation & Western Art History: The study of Indian and Western aesthetics and art appreciation; Study of chronological periods from prehistory to post-modern art and artists of the West, with a focus on the various movements that transformed its history. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 8. UNIT VII & VIII (Part 1) - Indian Art History & Contemporary Practices: Study of chronological periods and developments in Indian art from prehistory to the 19th century; Contemporary practices in Indian art during the 20th & 21st centuries with reference to art movements & major exponents. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 9. UNIT VIII (Part 2) & IX - Indian Visual Communication, Art Education & Asian Art: Modern concept of advertising, designing and visual communication; experimental modes in contemporary visual expression; development of art education in India from colonial (British) art schools till the present; The study of art in the Far East, South East and Central Asia and the ancient Near-East. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 10. UNIT X - Traditional, Folk & Tribal Practices: Understanding visual practices of traditional communities and their contemporary transformations – the ‘folk’, ‘tribal’ and craft practices in India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 11. Elective I: Art History Principles & Methodology: Principles of Art Historical methodology – Formalism; Iconology; Semiotic analysis; Psychoanalytic method in Art History; Gestalt Theory of Visual Perception; impact of theories in class and gender on the discipline; Deconstruction and its transformative role for Art History; contemporary shifts towards a “New” Art History; art history as an evolving discipline in India from colonial period to post-Independent era; introduction of curatorial 3 practices – confluence of museum, gallery and art history; aesthetic theories and their relevance to art historical/critical analysis of the visual object. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 12. Elective I: Indian Iconography (Brahmanical): Antiquity of image worship in India and principles of iconometry; iconography and its development through Vedic to Brahmanical images: Indra, Surya, Agni, Varuna, Kubera, Yama, Ashta-dikpalas, Vishnu, Shiva, Shakti, the Saptamtrikas, Kartikeya, Ganesha, and river goddesses (Ganga and Yamuna) etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 13. Elective I: Buddhist & Jain Iconography: Buddhist iconography: the evolution of the Buddha image (including Dhyani Buddhas, Manushi Buddhas, etc.), Bodhisattva (Avalokiteshvara, Manjushri, Maitreya etc.), Tara, Kubera etc.; Jain iconography: Tirthankara (Adinath, Parshvanath, Neminath, Mahavira), Bahubali; Ambika, Saraswati, Yaksha and Yakshi (in the Jain context) etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 14. Elective I: Indian Sculpture (Pre-Modern): A comprehensive study of early Indian sculpture from Indus valley civilization to the post- Gupta period – dynasties like Maurya, Sunga, Satavahana, Kushana, Gupta, Pala-Sena, Chandela, Solanki, Parmar, Chalukya, Pallava, Rashtrakuta, Ganga, Chola, Hoysala, etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 15. Elective I: Indian Architecture (Early, Stupas & Caves): Early Indian architecture (with reference to ancient literature and shilpa texts): Indus valley; Maurya Origin and development of the stupa: Bharhut, Sanchi, Sarnath and Amaravati; Evolution of rock-cut caves (Lomas-rishi, Khandagiri, Udaigiri, Bhaja, Karle, Kanheri, Ajanta, Elephanta, Ellora and Mamallapuram). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 16. Elective I: Indian Temple, Imperial & Modern Architecture: Evolution of temple architecture & their classification into Nagara, Dravida and Vessara categories: Gupta temples; Orissan developments (Parashurameshwara, Mukteshvara, Lingaraj and Konark); Chandella, Pratihar, Parmara and Solanki temple styles; Chalukyan, Rastrakuta and Hoysala temple architecture (including Virupaksha, Kaliashnatha in Ellora, Hoyasaleshvara; Pallava monolithic and structural temples; Chola temples; Martand Sun temple in Kashmir; Imperial architecture during Sultanate & Mughal rule: features of provincial Indo-Islamic architecture; Mughal architecture (Humayun’s Tomb, Fatehpur Sikari and Sikandra, Taj Mahal, Red Fort and Jama Masjid); Colonial & Modern architecture: Le Corbusier, Charles Correa, B.V. Doshi and others. 4. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 17. Elective I: Indian Painting (Pre-Modern): A comprehensive study of pre-historic painting, wall paintings at Ajanta and later mural tradition (Bagh, Badami, Ellora, Sittanvasal, Lepakshi, Kerala murals such as Mattancherry palace etc.); manuscript painting & the miniature traditions: Eastern and Western Indian manuscripts; Sultanate painting (the Chaurpanchasika and pre-Mughal schools), Mughal miniature painting from Akbar to Shah Jahan; Rajasthani miniature painting; Pahari miniature painting ; Deccani painting (Ahmednagar, Bijapur and Golconda). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 18. Elective I: Modern Indian Art: Modernity in Indian Art; Ravi Varma; E.B. Havell, A.K. Coomaraswamy, Stella Kramrisch, Abanindranath Tagore and the “Bengal School”; Nandalal Bose, Benodebehari Mukherjee and Ramkinkar Baij; Amrita Sher-Gil; Jamini Roy; the 1940s artists’ collectives: Calcutta Group (Kolkata), Progressive Artists Group (Mumbai), Delhi Shilpi Chakra (Delhi), Cholamandala Artists’ Village (Chennai); Indigenism and the trends in 1950s and 1960s; trends in abstraction since the 1970s; the 20th & 21st century contemporary trends towards globalization (including the introduction of installation, performance, digital/video etc.) with a study of select individual artists. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 19. Elective I: Western Art (Ancient to Romanticism): Overview of Western art from prehistory to the present: Prehistoric art, art in ancient Egypt, Aegean art, Greece and Rome; Early-Christian and Byzantine art; Romanesque and Gothic art; Renaissance painting and sculpture; Mannerism and Baroque painting and sculpture; Rococo, Neoclassicism and Romanticism. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 20. Elective I: Western Art (Modern & Post-Modern Movements): Modern movements including Realism, Impressionism, Post-Impression, Fauvism, Expressionism, Cubism, Constructivism, Futurism, Dada and Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism, Op art, Pop art; Post-modern developments including, Minimal and Conceptual Art, Fluxus movement, Arte Povera, Body art, Land and Environment Art, Graffiti, Process art, Performance art, Installation, Neo-figuration, Happening, Feminist and Gay art. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 21. Elective I: Art of Ancient Near-East & Far East/Central/South-East Asia (Part 1 - Mesopotamia, Persia, China): Visual expression from ancient Mesopotamia (Sumer, Akkad, Babylonia, Assyria); art in Achaemanid and Sassanian Persia; Introduction to cultural exchange between India and these ancient cultures and the emergence of distinctive visual expressions: ancient China (Shang, Zhou, and Han dynasties); Buddhist sculpture from upto Tang dynasty; Six Dynasties and Tang painting; Chinese landscape tradition from Song to Qing. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 22. Elective I: Art of Far East/Central/South-East Asia (Part 2 - Japan, Tibet, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Java, Myanmar/Thailand): Japan (Haniwa pottery figures; Buddhist sculptures from Nara to Kamakura periods); late Heian and Kamakura painting including the Tale of Genji and the Heiji Monogatari Emaki scrolls; Japanese scroll painting in the Momoyama & Edo periods; ukiyo-e woodblock prints from the Edo period); Tibet (Buddhist icons and the thangka painting tradition); Nepal (Buddhist and Brahmanical sculptures and painting); Sri Lanka (sculpture and painting – including Sigiriya murals); Cambodia (sculpture and architecture, 5 especially Angkor Wat and Angkor Thom); Java (sculpture and architecture, including the Dieng plateau candi-s, the Borobudur stupa, and Prambanan complex); Buddhist art in Myanmar/Burma and Siam/Thailand etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 23. Elective I: Indian Folk and Tribal Art: Phad, Pichhwai and Kavad painting (Rajasthan); Pata painting in Bengal and Orissa; Madhubani/Mithila painting (Bihar), Warli painting (Maharastra), Pithora painting (Gujarat); Dhokra bronze casting; votive terracotta objects (including votive horses offered across various states in India); wood carving and wooden dolls (Kondapalli, Karnataka, Bengal, Madhya Pradesh); leather puppets (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka); traditional and modern textiles and functional objects (textiles of Banaras, Kanchipuram, Gujrat, Orissa, and the North-Eastern states; tie-and-dye fabrics; embroidery; kantha, Phulkari, Chamba rumal; metal-ware including Bidri, repousse, enamelling; jewellery including jade, beads etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 24. Elective II: Drawing & Painting Aesthetics (Fundamentals & Indian): Fundamental elements of drawing and painting. Imagery in visual arts. Origin and development of art (visual). Classification of Arts. Conceptual and Visual reality. Relevance of study of aesthetics in painting: The early philosophical thoughts in Indian Culture. Nature and Function of Art in the society. Indian aesthetics: Concept of Ras-Sutra and its commentaries: The Theory of Rasa, Sadharanikarana, Dhvani, Alankara, Auchitya,etc; shilpa texts like the Chitrasutra of the Vishnudharmottara Purana, Shadanga from Yashodhara’s commentary on the Kamasutra, etc.; A.K. Coomaraswamy and Rabindranath Tagore’s contributions towards Indian aesthetics. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 25. Elective II: Western Aesthetics (Theories & Philosophers): Theory of imitation and representation, catharsis (Plato and Aristotle). Aesthetical views of Kant, Hegel, Croce, Tolstoy, Baumgarten, Schopenhauer, Clive Bell, Roger Fry, I. A. Richards, Susanne Langer, Sigmund Freud, and George Santayana. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 26. Elective II: History of Indian Painting (Ancient to Company School): Prehistoric Paintings in India, Wall paintings of Ajanta, Bagh, Badami and Sittanavasal. Manuscript painting tradition Pala and Western Indian. Tradition of Miniature paintings: Pre-Mughal, Mughal, Rajasthani, Pahari (Basohli, Guler-Kangra and Garhwal) and Deccani painting (Ahmendagar, Bijapur & Golconda). Company School of painting. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 27. Elective II: Modern Indian Painting & Trends: Advent of Modernism with Raja Ravi Varma, Bengal School: Abanindranath Tagore and his disciples, Nandalal Bose and his disciples. Breakthrough in Indian painting: Contribution of Amrita Sher-Gil. Progressive artist group – Bombay, Calcutta Group – Calcutta, Shilpi Chakra – Delhi, Chola mandala – Madras and Baroda School – Baroda. In Indian Art the Major trends of Indigenous since 1970, Contemporary painting and eminent artists: Impressionistic, Expressionistic, Abstraction, Decoration, Neo-Tantric, Figurative and Non-figurative, Surrealistic, Representational and Non-representational painting. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 28. Elective II: Western Painting History (Comprehensive Overview): Prehistoric paintings of France and Spain. Egyptian, Aegean Art, Greece and Roman painting. Byzantine, Gothic, Renaissance, Mannerism, Baroque, Rococo, Neo- Classicism, Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, Post Impressionism, Fauvism & Symbolism, Cubism, Futurism, Dada & Surrealism Expressionism, Abstract Expressionism, Op and Pop Art, Minimal Art & Post Modern Trends, New Media, Installation and Illusory Hyper Realism, etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 29. Elective II: Drawing & Painting Material & Method: Application of Materials, Support in Painting (Canvas, Paper, Wall surface, Panels), Mix media. Oil painting and its technique – Traditional and Non-traditional. Techniques of Wall paintings – Traditional (Fresco Secco and Buono) and Modern. Water color painting, wash technique, pastel and crayon, Acrylic color, color preparation and technical aspect of pigments. Color theory and color harmony. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 30. Elective II: Art Schools & Art Education in India: The introduction of formal training in art through Colonial Art Schools, and the transition from Colonial understanding to Post-Independent art education in the art schools at Chennai, Kolkata, Lahore, Mumbai, Delhi, Lucknow, Jaipur; art promotion and education through art academies; rethinking institutional art education at Santiniketan and Baroda; role of art galleries and museums in art education; increase in curatorial venture as a collaboration between the museum, galleries and practicing artists and historians; role of art journals and magazines in the dialogue between viewing public and the artist. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 31. Elective III: Applied Art (Basics, Terminology & Typographic History): Elements & principles of design; The term ‘Graphic Design’ and William Addison Diggings; Basics of Graphic Design/Applied Art: Image and Text; Developing message to promote product. Terms and terminologies relevant to advertising Industry: Understanding of the ‘Portmanteau’ terms such as, Advertorials, Info graphics, Infomercials, Edutainment etc. Innovations and Movements History of advertising in India and rest of the world; Calligraphy, Advent of moveable types, Typefaces, fronts and families; Architecture and anatomy of letters; Classifications of types and size, Early Typographers and study of traditional hand writing and script like Indian manuscripts, Persian, Chinese, Japanese and Roman etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 32. Elective III: Printing Processes & Influential Design Movements: Development of printing processes in India and rest of the world: letterpress, gravure, silkscreen and Offset etc. Movements that influenced graphic design: Art Nouveau, The Art of War), The ISMs of Art: Futurism, Dada, De Stijl, & Constructivism, Art and Craft movement, Bauhaus movement and new typography, history of graphic design and the nature of advertising history, Illustrated Modernism & Psychedelia, New Wave and Post Modernism, Digital Expressionism & Postscript, The Digital Future. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 33. Elective III: Advertising Forms, Media, Posters & Cultural Frames: Print, outdoor, electronic and new media advertising; Media Options: newspapers and magazines, radio, TV and cinema, posters, Direct Mail, Ambient and Guerrilla advertising, digital and online advertising. Viral Advertising. Boom in Outdoor advertising: billboards and transits, innovative Materials and advantages. Emergence of Poster as a ‘new genre of art’: Study of posters with reference to Poland, Japan, UK and America and Bolshevik Russia. Placards and propagandas, Protest and Wartime posters, Subway culture. Cultural frames of advertising phases: Idolatry, Iconology, Narcissism, and Transition from ‘Totemism’ (the fourth cultural frame) to ‘Mise-en-Scene’ (Fifth Frame); Evolution from Traditional to Industrial to Consumer society & development of communications media. Future of advertising and advertising agencies. Blurring the lines between advertising and entertainment; The impact of Graphic Design with advance technology; Re-defining “Graphic design”; Attributes needed by the modern designers. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 34. Elective III: Design Campaign, Packaging, Printing Processes & Corporate Advertising: Designing of logo, rebus, symbol, mark and corporate identity; stories behind the development of most well-known symbols/identities the world; Brands, rebranding and brand positioning; Precursors and prophets of advertising theories and principles; Designing events –Event Mascots and other global entertainments, films and festivals. Campaign planning and strategy: the client, market research, account planning, creative brief. Developing visuals and messages for print-ads, Direct Mail, posters, outdoor advertising, merchandising, show-windows and supermarket items (Point of sales / Point of Purchase items, dispensers, stands, stalls etc.) Media selection, Approaches& the target audience. Innovations in media. New technologies, TV graphics, multimedia presentation, web-page designing and understanding of rector and vector software; Internet – its use in advertising products and services, net marketing. Prepress, Printing presses, and Post-press: manipulations of pixels and resolutions, colour corrections, knowledge of computer-to-plate graphic reproductions, offset printing, Finishing and Converting. Additive and subtractive colours, four colour printing mechanics, Spot Colours and Lainations, UVs etc. Design of packaging, merchandising and novelties. Origin and growth of advertising agencies: Role and responsibilities of a Graphic designer. Creative core: Creative/Art Director, Visualizer, and Copywriter, interaction in developing concepts. World’s leading Advertising Corporates, Multinationals and Indian scenario: Indian Advertising Agencies with all India branches. Ad-Gurus or remarkable Ad-Men and epoch making advertising campaigns by them. Highest honours, Awards in the advertising creativity and extraordinary contribution. Famous designers of the world on branding and corporate identity design, Film titles. Interdisciplinary participation approach with disciplines of art, collaboration and internship with industries and corporates. Computers and its role in creating new visual effects (Photography, Digital Graphics, Film titles, Multimedia presentations, Image Editing, Web Graphics and types of online Advertising, Web page designing); Importance of market research in advertising. Print media vs. Electronic Media. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 35. Elective IV: Printmaking (Aesthetics, History, Relief & Intaglio Techniques): Understanding of fundamentals of visual art (space, form, size, shape, line, colour, texture, tonal values, perspective, design and aesthetic) in relation to print making. Understanding visual principles of composition (proportion, unity, harmony, rhythm, contrast, balance and emphasis). Reproduction of two dimensional identical prints. Knowledge of history, invention, development and definition of print making (Graphic Art) process, techniques and materials in Asia and Europe. Japanese woodcuts and important masters of Ukiyo-e School and works of masters such as Hokusai, Hiroshige, Utamaro etc. Print making as a mode of creative expression during 19th –20th century from book production to establishing of atelier/workshops, groups, experiments and influences on advertising. Relief techniques (wood-cut and lino-cut); Intaglio techniques (wood and metal engraving, etching – line, aquatint, soft ground, etc., dry-point, mezzotint). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 36. Elective IV: Printmaking (Surface, Stencil, Other Techniques, Materials & Western Masters): Surface printing (planography, offset, oleograph etc.), Stencil and serigraph; Other techniques- colography, chine-collé, monoprint, unique print, viscosity, digital imaging, mix medium etc. Knowledge on use of different kinds of mediums, materials and printing process used in print making (wood, lino, copper, zinc, plywood, stone, acrylic, paper, cardboard, gum, acids, chemicals, ink, resin, software, tools, machine, equipment etc.). Preparation of different types of surface from identification of material to designing till printing. Knowledge of works of master print makers and their contribution in development of printmaking from historic to modern like Durer, Rembrandt, Hogarth, Goya, Gauguin, Degas, Lautrec, Daumier, German expressionists (Kathe Kollwitz, Nolde, Heckel, Grosz, Munch etc.), Picasso, Pop and figurative artists (Rauschenberg, Lichtenstein, Jim Dine), David Hockney, Krishna Reddy, Peter Daglish, Stanley Jones, Paul Lingren, Carol Summers etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 37. Elective IV: Indian Printmaking & Contemporary Issues: Development of Printmaking in India, contribution and influence of British during colonial period, establishment of press and schools, popular printmaking in mid-19th century till pre independence. Print making trends in India post independence. Contribution of Indian print makers: Raja Ravi Varma, member of Vichitra club, Mukul Dey, Gangendranath Tagore etc. Santiniketan School, Nandalal Bose, Binode Behari Mukherjee, Ramkinkar, Biswarup Bose, Ramen Chakraborty, Haren Das, Somnath Hore, Chittaprasad, Jyoti Bhatt, Kanwal Krishna, Devyani Krishna, Y.K. Shukla, Vasant Parab, Jagmohan Chopra, Paramjeet Singh, Lalita Lajmi, Naina Dalal, Laxma Goud, R.B. Bhaskaran, R.M. Pallaniappan, Sanat Kar, Lalu Prasad Shaw, Amitabh Banerjee, Debraj Dakoji, Bhupen Khakhar, Waman Chincholkar, Paul Koli, Deepak Banerjee, Jai Zharotia, Prayag Jha, Rini Dhumal, Anupam Sud, Jayant Parikh, Kanchan Chander etc. Good quality prints - criteria (technically and aesthetically), conventions to identify the authenticity of prints – signature, editions, artists proof etc. Display - mounting and preservation of prints. Various issues related to the contemporary printmaking (mechanical production, computer graphics, influences of advertising, atelier, workshops and groups etc.). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 38. Elective V: Sculpture (Fundamentals, Aesthetics, History & Clay/POP Media): Fundamentals and elements of sculpture; origin and development of imagery in sculpture; classification of sculpture; sculptural form vis-a-vis conceptual reality. Relevance of the study of aesthetics for sculptural practice: the early philosophical ideas in India and the West; the role and function of sculpture in the society. History of sculpture in Western and Oriental traditions; traditional sculptural program as integral part of architectural structures such as churches, temples and secular buildings. Study of form, material, methods, and techniques relevant to sculptural practice; clarity of understanding of terminologies related to the art of sculpture. Study of varied media in sculptural practice: 1. Clay and wax: Preparation of natural clay for sculpture; modelling and casting with clay; terracotta & firing of clay; types of kilns; possibilities in the range of colours and pigments in ceramic works; two-dimensional and three-dimensional modes in clay sculptures; modelling and carving in wax. 2. Plaster of Paris (POP): History, chemical composition and physical nature of POP; advantages and disadvantages of working with POP; accelerating and retarding agents; surface treatment of POP; casting and carving in POP. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 39. Elective V: Sculpture (Wood, Stone & Metal Techniques): 3. Wood: Nature and varieties of wood; carving tools and methods of carving for sculpting in wood; seasoning and preservation of wood; finishing and staining of wood. 4. Stone: Origin of sculpting in stone; tools and equipment, methods and approach relevant to stone carving; treatment and preservation of stone against weathering. 5. Metal: History of metal sculptures; processes involved in the use of metal as medium for sculpture; physical properties and classification of metals as ferrous and non-ferrous, alloy, etc.; bronze as the primary sculptural metal; the Lost-wax method (cire-perdue); indigenous methods including “gravity casting”, “sand casting”, etc.; melting points of metals; surface treatment viz. anodising, oxidation and patination; welding and forging processes for working with metals; preservation of metal sculptures. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts) Chpater 40. Elective V: Sculpture (Assemblage, Installation, Monumental & Key Sculptors): Assemblage and Installation: History & background of mix-media; new hybrid forms of 1960’s and more recent developments; public sculptures; environmental art. Monumental sculpture: Scope, problems, limitations, concept and development; eminent exponents such as D.P. Roychowdhary, Ramkinkar Baij, Prodosh Dasgupta, Sankho Chaudhurai, Piloo Pochkhanawla, Chintamoni Kar, Sarbari Roy Chowdhury, Amarnath Sehgal, Dhanraj Bhagat, Kanayi Kunhiraman, M. Dharmani, Nagji Patel, Balbir Singh Katt. Contemporary Indian Sculptors: Combine indigenous knowledge with new materials and techniques; select individuals – B.C Sanyal, Somnath Hore, K.G. Subramanyan, Biman B. Das, Meera Mukherjee, Raghav Kaneria, Himmat Shah, Latika Katt, Jeram Patel, Ajit Chakraborty, Sushen Ghose, Satish Gujral, Ved Nayar, P.V Janakiram, Shiv Singh, Balan Nambiar, S. Nandgopal, Mahendra Pandya, Rajnikant Panchal, Mrinalini Mukherjee, K.S. Radhakrishnan, S. Nandgopal, Dhruva Mistri, Pritpal Singh Ladi, Anita Dube, Ravindra Reddy, N.N. Rimzon, Pushpamala N., Sudarshan Shetty, Subodh Gupta , Anish Kapoor, etc. Contribution of select modern & contemporary sculptors from the West: Honore Daumier, Auguste Rodin, Camille Claudel, Paul Gauguin, Aristide Maillol, Antoine Bourdelle, Henri Matisse, Ernst Barlach, Constantin Brancusi, Pablo Picasso, Aleksandr Archipenko, Raymond Duchamp-Villon, Jacques Lipchitz, Henri Laurens, Umberto Boccioni, Vladimir Tatlin, Naum Gabo, Sophie Tauber, Jean Arp, Max Ernst, Antoine Pevsner, Alexander Calder, Henry Moore, Barbara Hepworth, David Smith, Louise Bourgeois, Isamu Noguchi, Alberto Giacometti, Cesar, Marino Marini, Lucio Fontana, George Segal, Claes Oldenburg, Anthony Caro, Tony Smith, Donald Judd, Carl Andre, Eva Hesse, Duane Hanson, Judy Chicago, Joel Schapiro, Barry Flanagan, Georg Baselitz, Jimmie Durham, Jeff Koons, Kiki Smith. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Visual Arts)
Cuet Pg Ancient Indian History Culture Architecture Chapterwise Question Bank For 2026 Exam Includes Previous Years 2022 2025 Exam Papers
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Author : Nodia
language : en
Publisher: Nodia Learning
Release Date : 2025-12-25
Cuet Pg Ancient Indian History Culture Architecture Chapterwise Question Bank For 2026 Exam Includes Previous Years 2022 2025 Exam Papers written by Nodia and has been published by Nodia Learning this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-12-25 with Education categories.
Designed for aspirants aiming for academic excellence, this CUET PG Ancient Indian History, Culture & Architecture Chapter-wise Question Bank bridges conceptual understanding with exam-oriented application. It offers complete syllabus coverage through a structured chapter-wise mix of theory-based, factual, and analytical questions. The book also includes fully solved CUET PG previous year papers (2022–2025), helping candidates analyze exam trends, question patterns, and difficulty levels for focused and confident preparation.
Amsterdam 2 E
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Author : Langenscheidt Publishers
language : en
Publisher: Insight Guides
Release Date : 2000-09
Amsterdam 2 E written by Langenscheidt Publishers and has been published by Insight Guides this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-09 with Travel categories.
Some travelers love nothing better than to bathe in the sun. Others revel in immersing themselves in history and culture. Then there are those who are born to shop. We all know the type. In fact, we might ourselves be the type. There are some people for whom shopping is not a necessity but a sport. Insight Shopping Guides are a play book for the avid shopper who wants to level the playing field when he or she competes against natives for the best goods and deals the city has to offer. This series is for the discerning consumer who needs a little help navigating around an unfamiliar city. They are ideal shopping companions for travelers wanting lively, informative background material on the best shopping areas and reliable advice on finding the most reliable service.
The Undergraduate Journal Of Philosophy
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1969
The Undergraduate Journal Of Philosophy written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1969 with Philosophy categories.
The Princeton Encyclopedia Of Poetry And Poetics
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Author : Stephen Cushman
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2012-08-26
The Princeton Encyclopedia Of Poetry And Poetics written by Stephen Cushman and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-26 with Literary Criticism categories.
The most important poetry reference for more than four decades—now fully updated for the twenty-first century Through three editions over more than four decades, The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics has built an unrivaled reputation as the most comprehensive and authoritative reference for students, scholars, and poets on all aspects of its subject: history, movements, genres, prosody, rhetorical devices, critical terms, and more. Now this landmark work has been thoroughly revised and updated for the twenty-first century. Compiled by an entirely new team of editors, the fourth edition—the first new edition in almost twenty years—reflects recent changes in literary and cultural studies, providing up-to-date coverage and giving greater attention to the international aspects of poetry, all while preserving the best of the previous volumes. At well over a million words and more than 1,000 entries, the Encyclopedia has unparalleled breadth and depth. Entries range in length from brief paragraphs to major essays of 15,000 words, offering a more thorough treatment—including expert synthesis and indispensable bibliographies—than conventional handbooks or dictionaries. This is a book that no reader or writer of poetry will want to be without. Thoroughly revised and updated by a new editorial team for twenty-first-century students, scholars, and poets More than 250 new entries cover recent terms, movements, and related topics Broader international coverage includes articles on the poetries of more than 110 nations, regions, and languages Expanded coverage of poetries of the non-Western and developing worlds Updated bibliographies and cross-references New, easier-to-use page design Fully indexed for the first time
Abstracts Of Papers Byzantine Studies Conference
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982
Abstracts Of Papers Byzantine Studies Conference written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Byzantine Empire categories.
Aesthetics The Individual Arts
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Author : James O. Young
language : en
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
Release Date : 2005
Aesthetics The Individual Arts written by James O. Young and has been published by McGraw Hill Professional this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Philosophy categories.
This collection brings together classic and contemporary writings on the philosophy of art. All of the various artistic genres are addressed, with sections on film, dance and architecture as well as music, literature and the visual arts.
The Current Digest Of The Soviet Press
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
The Current Digest Of The Soviet Press written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Russian newspapers categories.
A Guide To Curriculum Development In The Arts
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
A Guide To Curriculum Development In The Arts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Arts categories.
... instruction in visual art, dance, music, and theatre should begin in early years and continue throughout life; arts instruction should be sequential and consider the developmental needs of all students. This guide is designed to meet the needs of Iowa students regardless of the size school they attend.