Against Relativism
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Against Relativism
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Author : James Franklin Harris
language : en
Publisher: Open Court Publishing
Release Date : 1992
Against Relativism written by James Franklin Harris and has been published by Open Court Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Body, Mind & Spirit categories.
Recent decades have witnessed the extraordinary growth of radical relativism, a doctrine which now dominates the entire culture, from popular music to journalism and from religion to school curricula. According to the radical relativist creed, any proposition can be true or false in relation to a chosen framework, the evaluation of fundamental theories or 'paradigms' is beyond argument, there are no universal standards of rationality, and, methodologically, 'Anything goes!'. As James Harris explains in Against Relativism, the new relativism undoes the work of the Enlightenment and inevitably leads to the conclusion that Galileo was wrong to insist that the Earth indeed moves. Succor for relativism has come from many philosophical schools, both Analytic and 'Continental'. Among the sources of the new relativism are the collapse of Logical Positivism and the shift within anthropology from a linear evolutionary model to numerous models for understanding human culture. In this detailed critique, Professor Harris has selected the strongest and most plausible arguments for relativism within contemporary academic philosophy. He turns the techniques of relativism against relativism itself, showing that it is ultimately self-refuting or otherwise ineffectual. He demonstrates that Quine's rejection of the analytic-synthetic distinction appeals to the very analytic truths Quine tries to dispel; that Kuhn's celebrated account of paradigms must be either self-refuting or unintelligible; that Rorty cannot avoid presuppposing the epistemological principles he attacks; and that (although feminist criticisms of science exert a welcome corrective) attempts to develop a distinctively 'feminist science'are misconceived and unhelpful to feminism. In all these discussions, the author explains the arguments he is criticizing, for the benefit of the non-specialist reader, so that this work can serve as a partisan but fair introduction to some of the most important of present-day philosophy.
The Many Faces Of Relativism
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Author : Maria Baghramian
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-10-14
The Many Faces Of Relativism written by Maria Baghramian and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-14 with Philosophy categories.
This book is a study of relativism as a dominant intellectual preoccupation of our time. Relativism asks how we are to find a way out of intractable differences of perspectives and disagreements in various domains. Standards of truth, rationality, and ethical right and wrong vary greatly and there are no universal criteria for adjudicating between them. In considering this problem, relativism suggests that what is true or right can only be determined within variable contexts of assessment. This book brings together articles published in the International Journal of Philosophical Studies over a period of 17 years, as well as in a Special Issue of the journal published in 2004. The chapters in Section I discuss some of the main forms of relativism. Section II sheds light on the different motivations for relativism, assessing their strengths and weaknesses. Section III provides a detailed examination of the vexed question of whether Ludwig Wittgenstein, in his later work, supported relativism. The varied responses to this important question shed light on the issues discussed in Sections I and II. This collection is a lively and engaging resource for scholars interested in the crucial impact relativism has had on the way we think about the meaning of truth, and what is right and wrong. The chapters in this book were originally published in the International Journal of Philosophical Studies.
Judgments Of Beauty In Theory Evaluation
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Author : Devon Brickhouse-Bryson
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Release Date : 2020-07-01
Judgments Of Beauty In Theory Evaluation written by Devon Brickhouse-Bryson and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-01 with Philosophy categories.
In Judgments of Beauty in Theory Evaluation, Devon Brickhouse-Bryson argues that judgments of beauty are a justified part of theory evaluation of all sorts, including both scientific theory evaluation and philosophical theory evaluation. He supports this argument with an account of beauty—inherited from Kant and Mothersill—on which the distinctive nature of judgments of beauty is that they are unprincipled, yet possible. Brickhouse-Bryson analyzes two important methods of theory evaluation—reflective equilibrium and simplicity—and argues that these methods require making judgments of beauty understood. He further argues that these methods of theory evaluation are not anomalies, but that they point to a deeper lesson about the nature of theorizing and the necessity of using judgments of beauty to evaluate systems, like theories. This book has implications for the debate in philosophy of science over judgments of beauty and also prompts a reckoning in philosophy itself over the use of judgments of beauty in philosophical theory evaluation.
Universalism Vs Relativism
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Author : Don S. Browning
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
Release Date : 2006
Universalism Vs Relativism written by Don S. Browning and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Philosophy categories.
Has moral relativism run its course? The threat of 9/11, terrorism, reproductive technology, and globalization has forced us to ask anew whether there are universal moral truths upon which to base ethical and political judgments. In this timely edited collection, distinguished scholars present and test the best answers to this question. These insightful responses temper the strong antithesis between universalism and relativism and retain sensitivity to how language and history shape the context of our moral decisions. This important and relevant work of contemporary political and social thought is ideal for use in the classroom across many disciplines, including political science, philosophy, ethics, law, and theology.
From Principles To Practice
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Author : Onora O'Neill
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2018-09-20
From Principles To Practice written by Onora O'Neill and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-20 with Philosophy categories.
Although abstract principles alone cannot guide action, they can be combined to shape good practical judgement and change the world.
Against Relativism
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Author : Ruth Macklin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Against Relativism written by Ruth Macklin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Medical categories.
This book analyzes the debate surrounding cultural diversity and its implications for ethics. If ethics are relative to particular cultures or societies, then it is not possible to hold that there are any fundamental human rights. The author examines the role of cultural tradition, often used as a defense against critical ethical judgments, and explores key issues in health and medicine in the context of cultural diversity: the physician-patient relationship, disclosing a diagnosis of a fatal illness, informed consent, brain death and organ transplantation, rituals surrounding birth and death, female genital mutilation, sex selection of offspring, fertility regulation, and biomedical research involving human subjects. Among the conclusions the author reaches are that ethical universals exist but must not be confused with ethical absolutes. The existence of ethical universals is compatible with a variety of culturally relative interpretations, and some rights related to medicine and health care should be considered human rights. Illustrative examples are drawn from the author's experiences serving on international ethical review committees and her travels to countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, where she conducted educational workshops and carried out her own research.
Against Relativism
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Author : Christopher Norris
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Release Date : 1997-10-31
Against Relativism written by Christopher Norris and has been published by Wiley-Blackwell this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-10-31 with Science categories.
This book offers a vigorous and constructive challenge to relativism by examining a wide range of anti-realist theories, and in response offering a variety of arguments amounting to a strong defence of critical realism in the natural and social sciences.
Fear Of Knowledge
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Author : Paul Boghossian
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 2007-10-11
Fear Of Knowledge written by Paul Boghossian and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-11 with Philosophy categories.
The academic world has been plagued in recent years by scepticism about truth and knowledge. Paul Boghossian, in his long-awaited first book, sweeps away relativist claims that there is no such thing as objective truth or knowledge, but only truth or knowledge from a particular perspective. He demonstrates clearly that such claims don't even make sense. Boghossian focuses on three different ways of reading the claim that knowledge is socially constructed - one as a thesis about truth and two about justification. And he rejects all three. The intuitive, common-sense view is that there is a way things are that is independent of human opinion, and that we are capable of arriving at belief about how things are that is objectively reasonable, binding on anyone capable of appreciating the relevant evidence regardless of their social or cultural perspective. Difficult as these notions may be, it is a mistake to think that recent philosophy has uncovered powerful reasons for rejecting them. This short, lucid, witty book shows that philosophy provides rock-solid support for common sense against the relativists; it will prove provocative reading throughout the discipline and beyond.
Phenomenology And Indian Philosophy
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Author : Debi Prasad Chattopadhyaya
language : en
Publisher: SUNY Press
Release Date : 1992-01-01
Phenomenology And Indian Philosophy written by Debi Prasad Chattopadhyaya and has been published by SUNY Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-01-01 with Philosophy categories.
Addresses not only the basic theme of phenomenology, but its aesthetic, social, psychological, scientific, and technological aspects as well.
Relativism Suffering And Beyond
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Author : Jitendra Nath Mohanty
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Relativism Suffering And Beyond written by Jitendra Nath Mohanty and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Philosophy categories.
The essays in this collection were written by an international body of scholars in memory of Professor Bimal K. Matilal. They discuss Vedanta, Nyaya, and Buddhism; thematically they deal with problems of relativism, evil, suffering, emotions, and value judgement.