Visible Learning 2 0

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Robust Visual Learning Across Class Imbalance And Distributional Shift

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Author : Emanuel Sánchez Aimar
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2025-11-18

Robust Visual Learning Across Class Imbalance And Distributional Shift written by Emanuel Sánchez Aimar and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-11-18 with categories.

Computer vision aims to equip machines with perceptual understanding—detecting, recognizing, localizing, and relating visual entities to existing sources of knowledge. Machine learning provides the mechanism: models learn representations and decision rules from data and are expected to generalize beyond the training distribution. These systems already support biodiversity monitoring, autonomous driving, and geospatial mapping. In practice, however, textbook assumptions break down: the concept space is vast, data is sparse and imbalanced, many categories are rare, and high-quality annotations are costly. In addition, deployment conditions shift over time—class frequencies and visual domains evolve—biasing models toward frequent scenarios and eroding reliability. In this work, we develop methods for training reliable visual recognition models under more realistic conditions: class imbalance, limited labeled data, and distribution shift. Our contributions span three themes: (1) debiasing strategies for imbalanced classification that remain reliable under changes in class priors; (2) semi-supervised learning techniques tailored to imbalanced data to reduce annotation cost while preserving minority-class performance; and (3) a unified multimodal retrieval approach for remote sensing (RS) that narrows the domain gap. In Paper A, we study long-tailed image recognition, where skewed training data biases classifiers toward frequent classes. During deployment, changes in class priors can further amplify this bias. We propose an ensemble of skill-diverse experts, each trained under a distinct target prior, and aggregate their predictions to balance head and tail performance. We theoretically show that the ensemble’s prior bias equals the mean expert bias and that choosing complementary target priors cancels it, yielding an unbiased predictor that minimizes balanced error. With calibrated experts—achieved in practice via Mixup—the ensemble attains state-of-the-art accuracy and remains reliable under label shift. In Paper B, we investigate long-tailed recognition in the semi-supervised setting, where a small, imbalanced labeled set is paired with a large unlabeled pool. Semi-supervised learning leverages unlabeled data to reduce annotation costs, typically through pseudo-labeling, but the unlabeled class distribution is often unknown and skewed. Naïve pseudo-labeling propagates the labeled bias, reinforcing head classes and overlooking rare ones. We propose a flexible distribution-alignment framework that estimates the unlabeled class mix online and reweights pseudo-labels accordingly, guiding the model first toward the unlabeled distribution to stabilize training and then toward a balanced classifier for fair inference. The proposed approach leverages unlabeled data more effectively, improving accuracy, calibration, and robustness to unknown unlabeled priors. In Paper C, we move beyond recognition to unified multimodal retrieval for remote sensing—a domain with scarce image–text annotations and a challenging shift from natural images. Prior solutions are fragmented: RS dual encoders lack interleaved input support; universal embedders miss spatial metadata and degrade under domain shift; and RS generative assistants reason over regions but lack scalable retrieval. To overcome these limitations, we introduce VLM2GeoVec, a single-encoder, instruction-following embedder that aligns images, text, regions, and geocoordinates in a shared space. For comprehensive evaluation, we also propose RSMEB, a unified retrieval benchmark that spans conventional tasks (e.g., classification, cross-modal retrieval) and novel interleaved tasks (e.g., visual grounding, spatial localization, semantic geo-localization). In RSMEB, VLM2GeoVec narrows the domain gap relative to universal embedders and matches specialized baselines in conventional tasks in zero-shot settings. It further enables interleaved spatially-aware search, delivering several-fold gains in metadata-aware RS applications.

Love To Learn

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Author : Isabelle C. Hau
language : en
Publisher: Hachette UK
Release Date : 2025-02-11

Love To Learn written by Isabelle C. Hau and has been published by Hachette UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-02-11 with Education categories.

The most important aspect of early childhood in general and education in particular is the quality and care of the relationships a child forms. Love to Learn shows how to build and develop these relationships -- and unlock every child's true potential. Early relationships are the key to healthy brain development, resilience, and lifelong flourishing. Children need to be loved, to be valued, to interact, and to be listened to. When children have the space and time to play and explore through nurturing positive relationships, then children learn. But loving relationships are precisely what so many children are missing, and modern factors are making it more difficult for children to build these necessary bonds. Kids are growing up in smaller families with fewer siblings, and in more single-parent households. They have fewer adult family friends and mentors. They have less contact with grand-parents and grand-adults. They spend 60% less time with friends than children did a decade ago. They play outside less—half the time spent by their parent’s generation. They find themselves increasingly immersed in solitary realms of screens, a modern sanctuary where parents seek refuge as well. Many kids are so overscheduled they have less time to build friendships Love to Learn offers a vision for a future where learning is relational, and love is a literacy. It is a provocative paradigm shift, from child-centered education to relationship-centered learning. It weaves in stories of perseverance, empathy, creativity, and showcases innovations anchored in the latest neuroscience and technology advance – all driven by the desire to unlock the inherent human potential in any child. This hope-filled book seeks to change how we raise our children, how we run early learning environments, and how we construct care-full communities. It aims to inspire and engage readers, catalyze new solutions, and in doing so, change our understanding of childhood itself.

The Visual Turn And The Transformation Of The Textbook

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Author : James A. LaSpina
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-04-04

The Visual Turn And The Transformation Of The Textbook written by James A. LaSpina and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-04 with Education categories.

A study and analysis of how the computer is transforming the textbook and our modes of literacy from print-based to visual forms.

Doing Visual Research With Children And Young People

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Author : Pat Thomson
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2009-05-07

Doing Visual Research With Children And Young People written by Pat Thomson and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-05-07 with Education categories.

This book explores the methodological, ethical, representational and theoretical issues surrounding image based research with children and young people.

International Perspectives On Teaching And Learning In Higher Education

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Author : Norma Ryan
language : en
Publisher: NAIRTL
Release Date : 2008

International Perspectives On Teaching And Learning In Higher Education written by Norma Ryan and has been published by NAIRTL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Education, Higher categories.

Using Objects Visual Awareness And Visual Learning In The Museum And Classroom

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Author : Renée Marcousé
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1974

Using Objects Visual Awareness And Visual Learning In The Museum And Classroom written by Renée Marcousé and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1974 with Education categories.

Summary: An in-depth exploration of suggestionsand ideas for teachers in teaching 11-13 year old children visual awareness in art classes andmuseum studies.

Therapeutic Use Of Ketamine In Psychiatric Disorders

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Author : Jennifer Lee Jones
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-01-04

Therapeutic Use Of Ketamine In Psychiatric Disorders written by Jennifer Lee Jones and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-04 with Medical categories.

Learn Publisher 97 In A Weekend

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Author : Nancy Stevenson
language : en
Publisher: Prima Lifestyles
Release Date : 1997

Learn Publisher 97 In A Weekend written by Nancy Stevenson and has been published by Prima Lifestyles this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Computers categories.

Readers will learn how to create a publishing project in a weekend without having to become a desktop publishing expert. The fast-track approach allows the user to begin taking advantage of the opportunities for expression and creativity in document design.

Weiten S Psyk Trek 2 0

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Author : Andrew Peck
language : en
Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing Company
Release Date : 2003

Weiten S Psyk Trek 2 0 written by Andrew Peck and has been published by Wadsworth Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Psychology categories.

Written by Andrew Peck of Penn State, this unit-by-unit student workbook makes Weiten's PSYKTREK 2.0 even easier to assign in class, and is offered as a bundle item with the text.

Visual Learning From Small Training Datasets

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Author : Xiaojin Shi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005

Visual Learning From Small Training Datasets written by Xiaojin Shi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.